1Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China.
2Department of Schistosomiasis and Endemic Diseases, Wuhan City Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, China.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Oct;103(4):1534-1539. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0299.
This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of malaria and identify risk factors for severe disease in Hubei Province, China, using a case-based survey of retrospective data from 2013 to 2018. From 2013 to 2018, a total of 763 imported malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province; 69.2% (528/763) cases were caused by species. The proportion of malaria caused by increased from 66.7% in 2013 to 74.0% in 2018 (χ = 21.378, < 0.05). malaria was reported in 77 counties of Hubei Province. The majority of imported cases originated from Africa (98.9%, 522/528); 9.7% (51/528) of patients infected with developed severe malaria. Three deaths (case fatality rate: 0.6%) were related to imported malaria. Risk factors for severe malaria were being female (odds ratio [OR] = 3.593, 95% CI: 1.003-12.874), age ≥ 50 years (OR = 2.674, 95% CI: 1.269-5.634), > 3 days between symptom onset and diagnosis (OR = 2.383, 95% CI: 1.210-4.693), and the first-visit medical institution at the township level or lower (OR = 2.568, 95% CI: 1.344-4.908). Malaria prevention should be undertaken among high-risk groups, infection with should be detected early to prevent severe disease and death, and healthcare providers in health facilities at the township level should be trained on early recognition of malaria.
本研究旨在描述中国湖北省疟疾的流行病学，并利用 2013 年至 2018 年回顾性数据的病例为基础的调查来确定严重疾病的危险因素。2013 年至 2018 年，湖北省共报告 763 例输入性疟疾病例；69.2%（528/763）由 种引起。由 引起的疟疾比例从 2013 年的 66.7%上升到 2018 年的 74.0%（χ = 21.378， < 0.05）。湖北省 77 个县报告了疟疾。输入性疟疾病例主要来自非洲（98.9%，522/528）；528 例感染 的患者中，9.7%（51/528）发生重症疟疾。3 例死亡（病死率：0.6%）与输入性疟疾有关。重症疟疾的危险因素是女性（比值比[OR] = 3.593，95%置信区间：1.003-12.874）、年龄≥50 岁（OR = 2.674，95%置信区间：1.269-5.634）、症状出现至诊断的时间间隔>3 天（OR = 2.383，95%置信区间：1.210-4.693）以及首次就诊于乡镇级或以下医疗机构（OR = 2.568，95%置信区间：1.344-4.908）。应针对高危人群开展疟疾防治工作，及早发现 感染，以预防重症和死亡，并对乡镇级医疗机构的卫生保健提供者进行疟疾早期识别培训。
