Gerling Stephan, Pollinger Tobias, Michel Holger, Dechant Markus-Johann, Melter Michael, Krutsch Werner
Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Campus St. Hedwig, Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Visceral Surgery, Hospital Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg, Germany.
Eur J Pediatr. 2021 Jan;180(1):299-302. doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03741-1. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
Recent studies showed contrasting findings in morphological changes due to competitive soccer in adolescent players (SP). We present a prospective study in 315 consecutive adolescent (10-14 years) male elite SP and 53 healthy matched active controls (CON). All participants underwent a complete transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography (TTE). The mean age in SP was 12.8 ± 0.65 years compared to 12.6 ± 0.8 years in CON. For all left ventricular (LV) dimensions, mean Z-score values were higher in SP. There was a significant Z-score increase in interventricular septum diastolic diameter (2.47z vs. 1.62z, p < 0.05), left ventricular posterior wall diastolic and systolic diameter (1.15z vs. 0.47z, p < 0.05 and 1.05z vs. - 0.4z, p < 0.05). Athletes had significant greater LV mass indexed for BSA (94 ± 12 g/m vs. 81 ± 13 g/m, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in LV function or diameters. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that elite soccer training in adolescent male is a type of sport predominantly related to cardiac resistance remodeling. Adolescent SP may develop supernormal left ventricular wall dimensions (+ 2.0 to + 2.5z). If in SP Z-scores, any LV dimension above + 2.5 is measured, primary or secondary cardiomyopathies should be excluded. What is Known: • Morphological cardiac adaptation in response to exercise depends on the type, duration, and intensity of training. • Morphological and functional changes due to competitive sports (athlete's heart) occur even in pre-adolescent athletes. What is New: • Our findings point out that German elite soccer training in adolescent male (10-14 years of age) is a type of sport predominantly related to cardiac resistance remodeling. • If in an adolescent competitive soccer player any LV dimension Z-score value above + 2.5 is measured, a primary or secondary cardiomyopathy should be excluded.
近期研究显示，青少年足球运动员（SP）因参与竞技性足球运动而出现的形态学变化存在相互矛盾的结果。我们开展了一项前瞻性研究，纳入了315名连续的青少年（10至14岁）男性精英足球运动员以及53名健康匹配的活跃对照者（CON）。所有参与者均接受了完整的经胸二维超声心动图（TTE）检查。足球运动员的平均年龄为12.8±0.65岁，而对照组为12.6±0.8岁。对于所有左心室（LV）维度，足球运动员的平均Z值更高。室间隔舒张期直径的Z值显著增加（2.47z对1.62z，p<0.05），左心室后壁舒张期和收缩期直径也显著增加（1.15z对0.47z，p<0.05；1.05z对 -0.4z，p<0.05）。运动员的左心室质量指数（以体表面积计算）显著更高（94±12g/m对81±13g/m，p<0.05）。左心室功能或直径无显著差异。结论：我们的研究结果表明，青少年男性的精英足球训练是一种主要与心脏阻力重塑相关的运动类型。青少年足球运动员可能会出现超常的左心室壁维度（+2.0至+2.5z）。如果在足球运动员中测量到任何左心室维度的Z值高于+2.5，则应排除原发性或继发性心肌病。已知信息：• 心脏对运动的形态学适应取决于训练的类型、持续时间和强度。• 即使在青春期前的运动员中，竞技性运动（运动员心脏）也会导致形态学和功能变化。新发现：• 我们的研究结果指出，德国青少年男性（10至14岁）的精英足球训练是一种主要与心脏阻力重塑相关的运动类型。• 如果在青少年竞技足球运动员中测量到任何左心室维度的Z值高于+2.5，则应排除原发性或继发性心肌病。
