Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Sep 1;214:108163. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108163. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
Cannabis use is more common among adults with anxiety. Cannabis legalization is occurring rapidly across the United States (US) and individuals may use cannabis to cope with anxiety. This study investigated whether cannabis use across the US has changed differentially by anxiety status and by state cannabis legalization for medical (MML) and/or recreational use (RML).
Public and restricted-use data from the 2004 to 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of US individuals, were analyzed. The prevalence of past-30-day cannabis use by anxiety status in 2017 was estimated among respondents ages ≥18 (n = 42,554) by sociodemographics and state-level cannabis law. Weighted logistic regressions with continuous year as the predictor for the linear time trend were used to examine the time trends in cannabis use by anxiety and cannabis law status from 2004 to 2017 (total combined analytic sample n = 398,967).
Cannabis use was consistently two to three times higher among those with high anxiety compared to those with some or no anxiety and was higher in states with RML compared to MML or no MML/RML. Cannabis use has increased over time among those with and without anxiety overall, in MML states, and in states without MML/RML; with a faster increase in cannabis use among those with high anxiety compared to lower anxiety in states with MML.
Cannabis use is increasing among American adults overall, yet is disproportionately common among Americans with anxiety especially among those residing in states where cannabis has been legalized.
焦虑症患者中更常见使用大麻。美国（美国）各地的大麻合法化进程迅速推进，人们可能会使用大麻来应对焦虑。本研究调查了美国各地的大麻使用情况是否因焦虑状况以及州医疗（MML）和/或娱乐（RML）用大麻合法化而存在差异。
对 2004 年至 2017 年全国毒品使用与健康调查（National Survey on Drug Use and Health）的公开和受限数据进行了分析，这是一项对美国个人进行的年度横断面、全国代表性调查。通过社会人口统计学和州级大麻法律，对 2017 年≥18 岁（n=42554）受访者中过去 30 天大麻使用情况的焦虑状况进行了估计。使用连续年份作为线性时间趋势的预测指标，对 2004 年至 2017 年期间焦虑和大麻法律状况的大麻使用情况进行了加权逻辑回归（总合并分析样本 n=398967）。
与存在一些或没有焦虑的人相比，患有重度焦虑的人使用大麻的比例始终高 2 到 3 倍，而在实行娱乐性大麻合法化的州，这一比例则更高。总体而言，无论是患有焦虑症还是没有焦虑症的人，大麻的使用量都随着时间的推移而增加，在实行医疗用大麻合法化的州以及没有实行医疗/娱乐性大麻合法化的州，这种情况更为明显；在实行医疗用大麻合法化的州，患有重度焦虑症的人相比患有轻度焦虑症的人，大麻使用量的增加速度更快。
美国成年人总体上的大麻使用量在增加，但焦虑症患者尤其在那些大麻合法化的州中，使用大麻的比例不成比例地更高。
