Hasin Deborah, Walsh Claire
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2021 Apr;38:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.03.005. Epub 2021 Mar 20.
In the United States, policies regarding the medical and nonmedical use of cannabis are changing rapidly. In 2021, a total of 34 US states have legalized cannabis for adult medical use, and 15 of these states have legalized adult non-medical use. These changing policies have raised questions about increasing prevalences of cannabis use, changing perceptions regarding frequent use, and potentially related outcomes such as comorbid psychiatric illness or driving under the influence of cannabis. Research regarding the correlates of any and frequent cannabis use is also developing quickly. This article reviews recent empirical studies concerning (1) adult trends in cannabis use, (2) state cannabis laws and related outcomes, and (3) emerging evidence regarding how the global coronavirus 19 pandemic may impact cannabis use patterns. We summarize recent findings and conclude with suggestions to address unanticipated effects of rapidly changing cannabis laws and policies.
在美国，关于大麻医疗用途和非医疗用途的政策正在迅速变化。2021年，美国共有34个州将成人医疗用大麻合法化，其中15个州将成人非医疗用大麻合法化。这些不断变化的政策引发了诸多问题，比如大麻使用的流行率不断上升、对频繁使用大麻的看法不断改变，以及可能与之相关的后果，如合并精神疾病或在大麻影响下驾驶。关于任何大麻使用及频繁使用大麻的相关因素的研究也在迅速发展。本文回顾了近期的实证研究，内容涉及（1）成人使用大麻的趋势，（2）州大麻法律及相关后果，以及（3）关于全球冠状病毒病大流行可能如何影响大麻使用模式的新证据。我们总结了近期的研究发现，并就应对迅速变化的大麻法律和政策的意外影响提出了建议。
