Mucchi Lorenzo, Ronga Luca Simone, Jayousi Sara
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Leonardo SPA, Cyber-Security Division, Science and Technology Directorate, 50013 Campi Bisezio, Italy.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Jul 17;20(14):3991. doi: 10.3390/s20143991.
Reducing energy consumption is one of the most important task of the approaching Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. Existing communication standards, such as 3G/4G, use complex protocols (active mode, sleep modes) in order to address the waste of energy. These protocols are forced to transmit when one frame is only partially filled with information symbols. The hard task to adapt the power-saving mode with low latency to the discontinuity of the source is mainly due to the fact that the receiver cannot know a priori when the source has something to transmit. In this paper, we propose a modified signalling/constellation which can save energy by mapping a zero-energy symbol in the information source. This paper addresses the fundamentals of this new technique: the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) criterion, the probability of error, the (energy) entropy, the (energy) capacity as well as the energy cost of the proposed technique are derived for the binary signalling case.
降低能源消耗是即将到来的物联网（IoT）范式最重要的任务之一。现有的通信标准，如3G/4G，使用复杂的协议（主动模式、睡眠模式）来解决能源浪费问题。当一帧仅部分填充信息符号时，这些协议被迫进行传输。将低延迟的节能模式与源的不连续性相适配这一艰巨任务，主要是因为接收器无法事先知道源何时有数据要传输。在本文中，我们提出了一种改进的信令/星座图，它可以通过在信息源中映射零能量符号来节省能源。本文阐述了这项新技术的基本原理：针对二进制信令情况，推导了最大后验概率（MAP）准则、错误概率、（能量）熵、（能量）容量以及所提技术的能量成本。
