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如何解读肠胃炎患儿的脱水症状、体征和检查结果。

How to interpret symptoms, signs and investigations of dehydration in children with gastroenteritis.

机构信息

Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.

Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy

出版信息

Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2021 Apr;106(2):114-119. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317831. Epub 2020 Jul 24.

DOI:10.1136/archdischild-2019-317831
PMID:32709593
Abstract

Dehydration is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Infants and young children are vulnerable to dehydration, and clinical assessment plays a pivotal role in their care. In addition, laboratory investigations can, in some children, be helpful when assessing the severity of dehydration and for guiding rehydration treatment. In this interpretation, we review the current literature and provide an evidence-based approach to recognising and managing dehydration in children.

摘要

脱水是全球儿童发病和死亡的重要原因。婴儿和幼儿容易脱水,临床评估在他们的护理中起着关键作用。此外,在评估脱水严重程度和指导补液治疗时,实验室检查在某些儿童中可能会有所帮助。在本解读中,我们回顾了当前的文献,并提供了一种基于证据的方法来识别和管理儿童脱水。

相似文献

1
How to interpret symptoms, signs and investigations of dehydration in children with gastroenteritis.如何解读肠胃炎患儿的脱水症状、体征和检查结果。
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2021 Apr;106(2):114-119. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-317831. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
2
Gastroenteritis in Children.儿童肠胃炎。
Am Fam Physician. 2019 Feb 1;99(3):159-165.
3
Dehydration syndromes. Oral rehydration and fluid replacement.脱水综合征。口服补液与液体补充。
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1991 Aug;9(3):565-88.
4
[Dehydration due to gastro-enteritis in children].[儿童肠胃炎所致脱水]
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999 Jan 23;143(4):193-6.
5
Managing acute gastroenteritis among children: oral rehydration, maintenance, and nutritional therapy.儿童急性胃肠炎的管理:口服补液、维持治疗及营养治疗
MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003 Nov 21;52(RR-16):1-16.
6
An evidence and consensus based guideline for acute diarrhoea management.基于证据和共识的急性腹泻管理指南。
Arch Dis Child. 2001 Aug;85(2):132-42. doi: 10.1136/adc.85.2.132.
7
Acute gastroenteritis in children.儿童急性肠胃炎
Aust Fam Physician. 2005 Apr;34(4):227-31.
8
Oral rehydration therapy in children with acute gastroenteritis.急性胃肠炎患儿的口服补液疗法
JAAPA. 2005 Jan;18(1):24-9; quiz 39-40. doi: 10.1097/01720610-200501000-00004.
9
Acute gastroenteritis: evidence-based management of pediatric patients.急性肠胃炎:儿童患者的循证管理
Pediatr Emerg Med Pract. 2018 Feb;15(2):1-24. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
10
[Acute gastroenteritis and dehydration in infants].[婴儿急性肠胃炎与脱水]
Rev Prat. 2001 Nov 1;51(17):1893-7.

引用本文的文献

1
The Effects of Diet, Dietary Supplements, Drugs and Exercise on Physical, Diagnostic Values of Urine Characteristics.饮食、膳食补充剂、药物和运动对尿液特征的物理、诊断值的影响。
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 17;16(18):3141. doi: 10.3390/nu16183141.
2
Heart rate to identify non-febrile children with dehydration and acute kidney injury in emergency department: a prospective validation study.心率识别急诊科无发热脱水合并急性肾损伤的儿童:一项前瞻性验证研究。
Eur J Pediatr. 2024 Nov;183(11):5043-5048. doi: 10.1007/s00431-024-05770-6. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
3
Perioperative water and electrolyte balance and water homeostasis regulation in children with acute surgery.
小儿急性手术围术期水和电解质平衡及水稳态调节。
Pediatr Res. 2023 Oct;94(4):1373-1379. doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02509-1. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
4
Heart rate cut-offs to identify non-febrile children with dehydration and acute kidney injury.心率切点用于识别无发热儿童脱水和急性肾损伤。
Eur J Pediatr. 2022 May;181(5):1967-1977. doi: 10.1007/s00431-022-04381-3. Epub 2022 Jan 29.