Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, Mexico.
Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Centro Interdiciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (Sinaloa), Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes #250, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Oct;105:469-476. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.043. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
The immunostimulatory potential of the marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (D1 and N6 strains) administered orally was evaluated in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Yeasts and commercial glucans were mixed with a commercial feed to formulate diets with a 1.1% concentration of immunostimulants. The shrimp were fed daily for a period of 21 days. Weekly determinations were performed for immunological parameters in hemolymph, such as total hemocyte count (THC), lysozyme activity (LYZ), prophenoloxidase activity, antioxidant enzymatic activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and peroxidases), and bactericidal activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Expression profiles of penaeidin (PEN), lysozyme (LYZ), and prophenoloxidase (proPO) immune genes were evaluated in hemocytes. In general, an increase in the immune parameters was observed in shrimp fed yeast diet compared to glucan and the control diets. Yarrowia lipolytica, especially strain N6, provided maximum immunostimulatory effects evidenced by the increase of immune parameters (THC, LYZ, SOD, CAT) and gene expression profile. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Y. lipolytica had immunostimulatory effects and increased bactericidal activity in L. vannamei hemocytes against V. parahaemolyticus. These findings open the path for the potential application of Y. lipolytica-based immunostimulant for shrimp aquaculture.
海洋酵母解脂耶罗维亚酵母（D1 和 N6 株）经口服给予时的免疫刺激潜力在凡纳滨对虾 Litopenaeus vannamei 中进行了评估。酵母和商业葡聚糖与商业饲料混合，制成免疫刺激剂浓度为 1.1%的饲料。虾每天喂食 21 天。每周对虾血淋巴中的免疫参数进行测定，如总血细胞计数（THC）、溶菌酶活性（LYZ）、酚氧化酶原活性、抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶[SOD]、过氧化氢酶[CAT]和过氧化物酶）和对副溶血弧菌的杀菌活性。评估了血细胞中防御素（PEN）、溶菌酶（LYZ）和酚氧化酶原（proPO）免疫基因的表达谱。一般来说，与葡聚糖和对照饲料相比，喂食酵母饲料的虾的免疫参数增加。解脂耶罗维亚酵母，特别是 N6 株，提供了最大的免疫刺激作用，表现为免疫参数（THC、LYZ、SOD、CAT）和基因表达谱的增加。总之，本研究表明解脂耶罗维亚酵母对凡纳滨对虾具有免疫刺激作用，并增加了其血淋巴对副溶血弧菌的杀菌活性。这些发现为基于解脂耶罗维亚酵母的免疫刺激剂在虾类养殖中的潜在应用开辟了道路。
