Serpa Jacinta
CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal.
Front Oncol. 2020 Jun 23;10:947. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00947. eCollection 2020.
Cancer cells undergo a metabolic rewiring in order to fulfill the energy and biomass requirements. Cysteine is a pivotal organic compound that contributes for cancer metabolic remodeling at three different levels: (1) in redox control, free or as a component of glutathione; (2) in ATP production, via hydrogen sulfide (HS) production, serving as a donor to electron transport chain (ETC), and (3) as a carbon source for biomass and energy production. In the present review, emphasis will be given to the role of cysteine as a carbon source, focusing on the metabolic reliance on cysteine, benefiting the metabolic fitness and survival of cancer cells. Therefore, the interplay between cysteine metabolism and other metabolic pathways, as well as the regulation of cysteine metabolism related enzymes and transporters, will be also addressed. Finally, the usefulness of cysteine metabolic route as a target in cancer treatment will be highlighted.
癌细胞会进行代谢重编程，以满足能量和生物量需求。半胱氨酸是一种关键的有机化合物，它在三个不同层面促进癌症代谢重塑：（1）在氧化还原控制中，以游离形式或作为谷胱甘肽的组成部分；（2）在ATP生成中，通过生成硫化氢（HS），作为电子传递链（ETC）的供体；（3）作为生物量和能量生成的碳源。在本综述中，将重点关注半胱氨酸作为碳源的作用，聚焦于对半胱氨酸的代谢依赖，这有利于癌细胞的代谢适应性和存活。因此，还将探讨半胱氨酸代谢与其他代谢途径之间的相互作用，以及半胱氨酸代谢相关酶和转运蛋白的调控。最后，将强调半胱氨酸代谢途径作为癌症治疗靶点的实用性。
