Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 5030 Cherry St, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2020 Sep;9(3):236-250. doi: 10.1007/s13668-020-00321-5.
The goal of the current paper is to review the literature on the neural and behavioral factors involved in food decision-making in youth.
Recent neuroimaging studies that employ passive viewing paradigms have found that exposure to food-related cues activate reward, motor planning, and attentional salience signals in children. Greater activations of reward signals and/or lower activations of control signals are associated with overeating and weight gain. Neuroimaging studies with decision-making paradigms have found the reward network in the brain activates during food choices, while control network activates less strongly. Findings suggest that exposure to food cues activates reward/valuation network, but activation of control network tends to be relatively weaker in children. Hedonic aspects of foods are predominantly considered in children's food choices, and their dietary self-control is not matured yet. The increased activation in reward network and the decreased activation in control network are associated with risk of developing obesity.
本文旨在回顾有关青少年食物决策中涉及的神经和行为因素的文献。
最近采用被动观察范式的神经影像学研究发现，暴露于与食物相关的线索会激活儿童的奖励、运动规划和注意力显著性信号。奖励信号的更大激活和/或控制信号的更低激活与暴饮暴食和体重增加有关。采用决策范式的神经影像学研究发现，大脑中的奖励网络在食物选择过程中激活，而控制网络的激活较弱。研究结果表明，暴露于食物线索会激活奖励/评估网络，但控制网络的激活在儿童中相对较弱。食物的享乐方面在儿童的食物选择中占主导地位，他们的饮食自我控制尚未成熟。奖励网络的激活增加和控制网络的激活减少与肥胖风险增加有关。
