Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences (AINN), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India.
Amity Institute of Indian System of Medicine (AIISM), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(7):1019-1037. doi: 10.2174/1570159X18666200729111744.
Neurodegeneration is a complex neurological phenomenon characterized by disturbed coherence in neuronal efflux. Progressive neuronal loss and brain damage due to various age-related pathological hallmarks perturb the behavioral balance and quality of life. Sirtuins have been widely investigated for their neuroprotective role, with SIRT1 being the most contemplated member of the family. SIRT1 exhibits significant capabilities to enhance neurogenesis and cellular lifespan by regulating various pathways, which makes it an exciting therapeutic target to inhibit neurodegenerative disease progression. SIRT1 mediated neuronal fortification involves modulation of molecular co-factors and biochemical pathways responsible for the induction and sustenance of pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative environment in the cellular milieu. In this review, we present the major role played by SIRT1 in maintaining cellular strength through the regulation of genomic stability, neuronal growth, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inhibiting mechanisms and anti-inflammatory responses. The therapeutic significance of SIRT1 has been put into perspective through a comprehensive discussion about its ameliorating potential against neurodegenerative stimuli in a variety of diseases that characteristically impair cognition, memory and motor coordination. This review enhances the acquaintance concerned with the neuroprotective potential of SIRT1 and thus promotes the development of novel SIRT1 regulating therapeutic agents and strategies.
神经退行性变是一种复杂的神经现象，其特征是神经元输出的紊乱。由于各种与年龄相关的病理特征，渐进性神经元丧失和脑损伤会破坏行为平衡和生活质量。Sirtuins 因其神经保护作用而被广泛研究，其中 SIRT1 是家族中研究最多的成员。SIRT1 通过调节各种途径显著增强神经发生和细胞寿命的能力，使其成为抑制神经退行性疾病进展的令人兴奋的治疗靶点。SIRT1 介导的神经元强化涉及分子辅因子和生化途径的调节，这些途径负责诱导和维持细胞环境中的促炎和促氧化环境。在这篇综述中，我们通过讨论 SIRT1 通过调节基因组稳定性、神经元生长、能量代谢、氧化应激、抑制机制和抗炎反应来维持细胞活力的主要作用，阐述了 SIRT1 在维持细胞活力中的重要作用。通过全面讨论 SIRT1 在各种疾病中的潜在改善作用，这些疾病特征性地损害认知、记忆和运动协调，我们探讨了 SIRT1 的治疗意义。本综述增强了人们对 SIRT1 神经保护潜力的认识，从而促进了新型 SIRT1 调节治疗剂和策略的发展。
