Jores Joerg, Baldwin Cynthia, Blanchard Alain, Browning Glenn F, Colston Angie, Gerdts Volker, Goovaerts Danny, Heller Martin, Juleff Nick, Labroussaa Fabien, Liljander Anne, Muuka Geoffrey, Nene Vish, Nir-Paz Ran, Sacchini Flavio, Summerfield Artur, Thiaucourt François, Unger Hermann, Vashee Sanjay, Wang Xiumei, Salt Jeremy
Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA USA.
NPJ Vaccines. 2020 Jul 24;5(1):66. doi: 10.1038/s41541-020-00214-2. eCollection 2020.
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) are major infectious diseases of ruminants caused by mycoplasmas in Africa and Asia. In contrast with the limited pathology in the respiratory tract of humans infected with mycoplasmas, CBPP and CCPP are devastating diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. Beyond their obvious impact on animal health, CBPP and CCPP negatively impact the livelihood and wellbeing of a substantial proportion of livestock-dependent people affecting their culture, economy, trade and nutrition. The causative agents of CBPP and CCPP are subspecies and subspecies , respectively, which have been eradicated in most of the developed world. The current vaccines used for disease control consist of a live attenuated CBPP vaccine and a bacterin vaccine for CCPP, which were developed in the 1960s and 1980s, respectively. Both of these vaccines have many limitations, so better vaccines are urgently needed to improve disease control. In this article the research community prioritized biomedical research needs related to challenge models, rational vaccine design and protective immune responses. Therefore, we scrutinized the current vaccines as well as the challenge-, pathogenicity- and immunity models. We highlight research gaps and provide recommendations towards developing safer and more efficacious vaccines against CBPP and CCPP.
牛传染性胸膜肺炎（CBPP）和山羊传染性胸膜肺炎（CCPP）是由支原体引起的非洲和亚洲反刍动物的主要传染病。与感染支原体的人类呼吸道有限的病理变化不同，CBPP和CCPP是具有高发病率和死亡率的毁灭性疾病。除了对动物健康有明显影响外，CBPP和CCPP还对很大一部分依赖牲畜的人们的生计和福祉产生负面影响，影响他们的文化、经济、贸易和营养。CBPP和CCPP的病原体分别是 亚种和 亚种，在大多数发达国家已被根除。目前用于疾病控制的疫苗包括一种减毒活CBPP疫苗和一种CCPP菌苗，分别于20世纪60年代和80年代研制。这两种疫苗都有许多局限性，因此迫切需要更好的疫苗来改善疾病控制。在本文中，研究界确定了与攻毒模型、合理疫苗设计和保护性免疫反应相关的生物医学研究需求的优先次序。因此，我们仔细研究了目前的疫苗以及攻毒、致病性和免疫模型。我们强调了研究差距，并就开发更安全、更有效的抗CBPP和CCPP疫苗提出了建议。
