Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
Superintendence of the São Paulo State Technical and Scientific Police, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 30;10(1):12857. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69793-3.
The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, is a monoxenous tick that co-evolved with indicine cattle on the Indian subcontinent. It causes massive damage to livestock worldwide. Cattle breeds present heritable, contrasting phenotypes of tick loads, taurine breeds carrying higher loads of the parasite than indicine breeds. Thus, a useful model is available to analyze mechanisms that determine outcomes of parasitism. We sought to gain insights on these mechanisms and used RNA sequencing and Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology (MudPIT) to generate a transcriptome from whole larvae and salivary glands from nymphs, males and females feeding on genetically susceptible and resistant bovine hosts and their corresponding proteomes. 931,698 reads were annotated into 11,676 coding sequences (CDS), which were manually curated into 116 different protein families. Male ticks presented the most diverse armamentarium of mediators of parasitism. In addition, levels of expression of many genes encoding mediators of parasitism were significantly associated with the level and stage of host immunity and/or were temporally restricted to developmental stages of the tick. These insights should assist in developing novel, sustainable technologies for tick control.
牛蜱,也称璃眼蜱,是一种单宿主蜱,与印度次大陆的印度牛共同进化而来。它给全世界的家畜带来了巨大的损害。牛品种存在可遗传的、对比鲜明的蜱负载表型,瘤牛品种携带的寄生虫负载高于印度牛品种。因此,有一种有用的模型可用于分析决定寄生虫感染结果的机制。我们试图深入了解这些机制,使用 RNA 测序和多维蛋白质鉴定技术 (MudPIT) 从幼虫和若虫的唾液腺中生成转录组,这些若虫以遗传上易感和抗性的牛宿主及其相应的蛋白质组为食。931698 个读数被注释到 11676 个编码序列 (CDS) 中,这些序列被手动整理成 116 个不同的蛋白质家族。雄性蜱虫拥有最多样化的寄生虫媒介调节剂。此外,许多编码寄生虫媒介调节剂的基因的表达水平与宿主免疫的水平和阶段显著相关,或者在时间上局限于蜱虫的发育阶段。这些见解应该有助于开发新型、可持续的蜱虫控制技术。