Ozer Muhammet, Merchant Khadija, Manning Zulfiya, Goksu Suleyman Yasin, Juneja Kirti, Fennell Vernard S
Department of Internal Medicine, Capital Health Regional Medical Center, Trenton, NJ, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA.
Case Rep Neurol Med. 2020 Jul 15;2020:7689450. doi: 10.1155/2020/7689450. eCollection 2020.
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disease that is characterized by progressive bilateral stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and its main branches. Cerebrovascular events are the primary presenting symptoms and are related both to stenosis and occlusion of the ICAs and their main branches. Detection of bilateral stenosis by cerebral angiography is considered the gold standard, but computed tomography angiography (CTA) is also an acceptable method of diagnosis. In the current literature, there are no precise data on the incidence of moyamoya disease in Europe and the United States. Also, the pathogenesis of MMD remains obscure, and genetic factors and inflammation are the two most representative mechanisms. Here, we report the case of MMD in a 29-year-old African American female who presented with an ischemic stroke for the second time that manifested after pregnancy. This case is important to increase awareness of the probability of this rare disease in Western countries as well as to call attention to pregnancy's accelerating effects of MMD. Careful, long-term neurologic and radiologic follow-up is essential in adult patients with MMD to prevent additional stroke events and improve outcomes.
烟雾病（MMD）是一种慢性脑血管闭塞性疾病，其特征是颈内动脉末端及其主要分支进行性双侧狭窄。脑血管事件是主要的首发症状，与颈内动脉及其主要分支的狭窄和闭塞有关。脑血管造影检测双侧狭窄被认为是金标准，但计算机断层扫描血管造影（CTA）也是一种可接受的诊断方法。在当前文献中，没有关于欧美烟雾病发病率的确切数据。此外，烟雾病的发病机制仍不清楚，遗传因素和炎症是两个最具代表性的机制。在此，我们报告一例29岁非裔美国女性烟雾病病例，该患者在妊娠后第二次出现缺血性中风。该病例对于提高西方国家对这种罕见疾病可能性的认识以及引起对妊娠加速烟雾病病情发展作用的关注具有重要意义。对于成年烟雾病患者，仔细且长期的神经学和放射学随访对于预防额外的中风事件和改善预后至关重要。
