Ahmed Iftekhar, Verma Amit Kumar, Kumar Amit
Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine., College of Veterinary Sciences, U. P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281001, India.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, U. P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281001, India.
Vet Anim Sci. 2018 Jul 18;6:6-11. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2018.07.001. eCollection 2018 Dec.
Campylobacteriosis is among the leading bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis all over the world and most of the isolates are resistant to different antibacterials. Pet rearing has been identified as a risk factor for infection in humans. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of faecal shedding among dogs, to estimate the specific prevalence of shedding, to identify the associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of spp. in dogs attending veterinary practice at Veterinary University, Mathura, India. Rectal swabs were aseptically collected and incubated using selective media and species isolation was further processed following standard protocols. In addition, genus and species specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for species differentiation. A total of 134 dogs were included in this study. Among 134 faecal samples cultured, 38 samples (28.36%) were positive for species. was the most prevalent isolate in dogs. Breed, age, clinical signs of diarrhea and habitat sharing had statistically significant association with shedding. On drug sensitivity assay with 19 commonly used antibacterials 100% resistance was shown against amoxycillin, ampicillin, aztreonam, cefotaxim, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, penicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline. It was followed by pefloxacin (92.11%), chloramphenicol (86.84%), ciprofloxacin (84.21%), nitrofurazone (78.94%), ofloxacin (76.32%), norfloxacin (73.68%) and cefaclor (73.68%). The results of the present study revealed high prevalence of spp. among dogs. The prevalence was higher in dogs of nondescript breed, pups and dogs sharing their habitat. The antimicrobial resistance patterns showed a high rate of multi drug resistant isolates in the dog population. Therefore, awareness in handling of dogs is important to prevent the zoonotic transmission of bacteria from pets to human beings especially in children and immunocompromised patients.
弯曲杆菌病是全球人类肠胃炎的主要细菌性病因之一，大多数分离株对不同抗菌药物具有耐药性。宠物饲养已被确定为人类感染的一个风险因素。本研究旨在确定犬类粪便中弯曲杆菌的携带率，估计特定的携带率，识别相关风险因素以及印度马图拉兽医大学兽医诊所就诊犬类弯曲杆菌属的抗菌药敏模式。采用选择性培养基无菌采集直肠拭子并进行培养，按照标准方案进一步进行菌种分离。此外，进行属和种特异性聚合酶链反应（PCR）以进行菌种鉴别。本研究共纳入134只犬。在134份粪便样本培养物中，38份样本（28.36%）弯曲杆菌属菌种呈阳性。弯曲杆菌是犬类中最常见的分离株。品种、年龄、腹泻临床症状和共居环境与弯曲杆菌携带具有统计学显著关联。在用19种常用抗菌药物进行药敏试验时，对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、氨曲南、头孢噻肟、林可霉素、土霉素、青霉素、链霉素和四环素显示出100%耐药。其次是培氟沙星（92.11%）、氯霉素（86.84%）、环丙沙星（84.21%）、呋喃妥因（78.94%）、氧氟沙星（76.32%）、诺氟沙星（73.68%）和头孢克洛（73.68%）。本研究结果显示犬类中弯曲杆菌属菌种携带率较高。非纯种犬、幼犬和共居环境的犬类携带率更高。抗菌耐药模式显示犬类群体中多重耐药分离株比例很高。因此，在处理犬类时提高认识对于预防细菌从宠物向人类尤其是儿童和免疫功能低下患者的人畜共患传播很重要。
