Holmberg Mia, Rosendal Thomas, Engvall Eva O, Ohlson Anna, Lindberg Ann
Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, National Veterinary Institute, SVA, SE-751 89, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Bacteriology, National Veterinary Institute, SVA, SE-751 89, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Vet Scand. 2015 Apr 1;57(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s13028-015-0108-0.
The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of Campylobacter species in Swedish dogs, to identify the species of the Campylobacter isolates and to genotype the C. jejuni isolates. Young and healthy dogs were targeted and the sampling was performed at 11 veterinary clinics throughout Sweden from October 2011 to October 2012. Faecal swab samples were collected and sent to the laboratory at the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) for isolation of Campylobacter, speciation and genotyping.
Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 67 of the 180 sampled dogs which yields an overall prevalence of 37%. The most prevalent species of Campylobacter among the participating dogs was C. upsaliensis with 52 of the 67 identified isolates. A lower prevalence was observed for C. jejuni with seven identified isolates and one isolate was identified as C. helveticus. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out on the seven C. jejuni isolates and all sequence types that were found are also commonly found in humans. The dogs were divided into three age groups; 1) under 12 months, 2) 12 to 23 months and 3) 24 months and older. The highest prevalence was found in the two younger age groups. Dogs shedding C. jejuni were between 3-12 months of age while dogs shedding C. upsaliensis were found in all ages.
The present investigation finds that Campylobacter spp. known to cause campylobacteriosis in humans are present in Swedish dogs. The results suggest an age predisposition where dogs under 2 years of age are more likely to shed Campylobacter spp. than older dogs. The most commonly isolated species was C. upsaliensis followed by C. jejuni, which was only detected in dogs up to 12 months of age. All C. jejuni isolates identified in the present study were of the same MLST types that have previously been described both in humans and in animals. The awareness of the Campylobacter risk of healthy young dogs may be an important way to reduce the transmission from dogs to infants, young children and immunocompromised adults.
本研究的目的是调查瑞典犬弯曲杆菌属的流行情况，鉴定弯曲杆菌分离株的种类，并对空肠弯曲杆菌分离株进行基因分型。研究对象为年轻健康的犬，于2011年10月至2012年10月在瑞典全国11家兽医诊所进行采样。采集粪便拭子样本并送往国家兽医研究所（SVA）实验室进行弯曲杆菌分离、菌种鉴定和基因分型。
从180只采样犬中的67只分离出弯曲杆菌属，总体患病率为37%。参与研究的犬中最常见的弯曲杆菌种类是乌普萨拉弯曲杆菌，在67株已鉴定的分离株中有52株。空肠弯曲杆菌的患病率较低，鉴定出7株，1株被鉴定为瑞士弯曲杆菌。对7株空肠弯曲杆菌分离株进行多位点序列分型（MLST），发现的所有序列类型在人类中也很常见。犬被分为三个年龄组：1）12个月以下，2）12至23个月，3）24个月及以上。患病率最高的是两个较年轻的年龄组。排出空肠弯曲杆菌的犬年龄在3至12个月之间，而排出乌普萨拉弯曲杆菌的犬在所有年龄段都有发现。
本研究发现已知可导致人类弯曲杆菌病的弯曲杆菌属存在于瑞典犬中。结果表明存在年龄易感性，2岁以下的犬比年龄较大的犬更有可能排出弯曲杆菌属。最常分离出的菌种是乌普萨拉弯曲杆菌，其次是空肠弯曲杆菌，后者仅在12个月以下的犬中检测到。本研究中鉴定出的所有空肠弯曲杆菌分离株的MLST类型与先前在人类和动物中描述的相同。认识到健康幼犬携带弯曲杆菌的风险可能是减少从犬传播给婴儿、幼儿和免疫功能低下成年人的重要途径。
