Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Nov 25;745:140650. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140650. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
Water is an essential resource for all living organisms. The continuous and increasing use of pesticides in agricultural and urban activities results in the pollution of water resources and represents an environmental risk. To control and reduce pesticide pollution, reliable multi-residue methods for the detection of these compounds in water are needed. In this context, the present work aimed at providing an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of trace levels of 51 target pesticides in water and applying it to the investigation of the target pesticides in two agriculture-impacted areas of interest. The method developed, based on an isotopic dilution approach and on-line solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, is fast, simple, and to a large extent automated, and allows the analysis of most of the target compounds in compliance with European regulations. Application of the method to the analysis of selected water samples collected at the lowest stretches of the two largest river basins of Catalonia (NE Spain), Llobregat and Ter, revealed the presence of a wide suite of pesticides in the Llobregat basin, some of them at concentrations above the water quality standards (irgarol and dichlorvos) or the acceptable method detection limits (methiocarb, imidacloprid, and thiacloprid), and much cleaner waters in the Ter River basin. Risk assessment of the pesticide concentrations measured in the Llobregat River indicated high risk due to the presence of irgarol, dichlorvos, methiocarb, azinphos ethyl, imidacloprid, and diflufenican (hazard quotient (HQ) values>10), and moderate potential risk in the Ter River, associated to the occurrence of bentazone and irgarol (HQ > 1).
水是所有生物的基本资源。农业和城市活动中持续且不断增加的农药使用导致了水资源的污染，这构成了环境风险。为了控制和减少农药污染，需要可靠的多残留方法来检测水中的这些化合物。在这种情况下，本工作旨在提供一种用于同时测定水中痕量 51 种目标农药的分析方法，并将其应用于两个受农业影响的感兴趣地区的目标农药调查。该方法基于同位素稀释法和在线固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法开发，快速、简单，在很大程度上实现了自动化，并且允许分析大多数目标化合物，符合欧洲法规的要求。该方法应用于对在加泰罗尼亚（西班牙东北部）两个最大河流流域（Llobregat 和 Ter）的最下游采集的选定水样进行分析，结果表明 Llobregat 流域存在广泛的农药组合，其中一些农药的浓度超过了水质标准（Irgarol 和敌敌畏）或可接受的方法检测限（灭多威、氯吡虫啉和噻虫啉），而 Ter 河流域的水质则要干净得多。对 Llobregat 河水中测量到的农药浓度进行风险评估表明，由于 Irgarol、敌敌畏、灭多威、乙拌磷、氯吡虫啉和二氟苯隆的存在，风险很高（危害商值 (HQ) 值>10），而在 Ter 河流域则存在中度潜在风险，与苯达松和 Irgarol 的发生有关（HQ>1）。
