Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, Pb 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Pb 1171 Blinderen, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
J Anal Toxicol. 2020 Dec 12;44(8):861-863. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkaa090.
A positive non-linear relation between the dose of ethanol ingested and the area under the curve (AUC) for ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in urine is previously observed. The relation between both doses and AUC of ethanol and the AUC for EtG in blood is not previously published, and this study aimed to investigate this relationship. After an overnight fast, 10 healthy volunteers ingested 0.5-g ethanol per kilo body weight (low dose) in one occasion and 1.0-g ethanol per kilo body weight (high dose) in the next occasion. Results showed that there was a significant higher median ratio between blood AUC for EtG and dose of ethanol in the high-dose (8.99; range 7.37-10.94) group compared to the low-dose (5.02; range 4.25-6.15) group (P = 0.005). The median ratio between the AUC for EtG and AUC for ethanol was actually significantly higher in the low-dose (1.77; range 1.51-2.24) group compared to the high-dose (1.67; range 1.30-2.02) group (P = 0.005), although values are quite similar. This study therefore showed that the ratio between the AUC for EtG in blood and dose of ethanol is higher after intake of 1.0 g/kg than 0.5 g/kg. This pattern is however not seen when AUC for EtG is compared to AUC for ethanol. Results therefore support that the percentage of ethanol converted to EtG is not increasing when the doses increase. An explanation for the positive non-linear relation previously observed between the dose of ethanol ingested and amount of EtG formed may be a relative higher first-pass metabolism of ethanol at lower doses.
先前已经观察到，摄入的乙醇剂量与尿液中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷（EtG）的曲线下面积（AUC）之间存在正非线性关系。乙醇剂量和 AUC 与血液中 EtG 的 AUC 之间的关系以前尚未公布，本研究旨在对此进行研究。在禁食过夜后，10 名健康志愿者一次摄入 0.5 克/公斤体重的乙醇（低剂量），下一次摄入 1.0 克/公斤体重的乙醇（高剂量）。结果表明，高剂量组（8.99；范围 7.37-10.94）血液中 EtG 的 AUC 与乙醇剂量之间的比值明显高于低剂量组（5.02；范围 4.25-6.15）（P=0.005）。实际上，低剂量组（1.77；范围 1.51-2.24）中 EtG 的 AUC 与乙醇的 AUC 之间的比值明显高于高剂量组（1.67；范围 1.30-2.02）（P=0.005），尽管数值非常相似。因此，本研究表明，摄入 1.0 克/公斤后，血液中 EtG 的 AUC 与乙醇剂量之间的比值高于 0.5 克/公斤。但是，当 AUC 与 EtG 相比时，情况并非如此。结果表明，当剂量增加时，乙醇转化为 EtG 的百分比并未增加。先前观察到的摄入的乙醇剂量与形成的 EtG 量之间存在正非线性关系的一种解释可能是较低剂量时乙醇的首过代谢相对较高。
