Laboratory of Nutrition, Exercise and Health (LaNES), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratory of Nutrition, Exercise and Health (LaNES), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Nutrition. 2021 Jan;81:110929. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110929. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
The aim of this study was to associate dietary intake with sarcopenia and its components in kidney transplant patients (KTPs).
A cross-sectional study was performed with 125 KTPs. Strength was evaluated by handgrip strength (HGS) and appendicular muscle mass was estimated by bioelectrical impedance. Functional capacity was assessed by 4-m walking test. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis (2019). Dietary assessment was carried out through two 24-h dietary recalls. It evaluated the consumption of energy (kcal), carbohydrates, protein (total and from animal and vegetable food sources), total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and ω-3 (g) and ω-6 (g).
Intake of ω-3 was positively associated with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI; kg/m). The greater intake of PUFA (g and %) and ω-3 (g) was associated with lower chance to present low ASMI and sarcopenia. None of the other dietary components evaluated in the present study were associated with ASMI and sarcopenia. Walking speed and HGS were not associated with dietary variables.
Intake of ω-3 and PUFAs are protective factors for sarcopenia and low muscle mass, but not for strength and functional capacity, in KTPs.
本研究旨在探讨饮食摄入与接受肾移植患者（KTP）的肌肉减少症及其组成部分之间的关系。
本研究采用横断面研究设计，纳入了 125 名 KTP。通过握力（HGS）评估力量，通过生物电阻抗法估计四肢骨骼肌质量。通过 4 米步行测试评估功能能力。使用修订后的欧洲肌肉减少症定义和诊断共识（2019 年）来诊断肌肉减少症。通过两次 24 小时膳食回顾进行饮食评估，评估能量（千卡）、碳水化合物、蛋白质（总蛋白和动物及植物食物来源蛋白）、总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和 ω-3（g）及 ω-6（g）的摄入量。
ω-3 的摄入量与四肢骨骼肌质量指数（ASMI；kg/m²）呈正相关。多不饱和脂肪酸（g 和 %）和 ω-3（g）的摄入量较高与较低的低 ASMI 和肌肉减少症发生几率相关。本研究中评估的其他饮食成分与 ASMI 和肌肉减少症均无相关性。步行速度和 HGS 与饮食变量无关。
在 KTP 中，ω-3 和 PUFAs 的摄入是肌肉减少症和低肌肉质量的保护因素，但不是力量和功能能力的保护因素。
