School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nurse Educ Today. 2020 Oct;93:104533. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104533. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Nursing students' perceptions of their professional preparedness help them perform their independent nursing role with self-confidence.
To develop and psychometric testing of an instrument, the "Perceived Professional Preparedness of senior Nursing Students" questionnaire.
Mixed-method exploratory study.
We conducted this study in two phases: (1) development of initial questionnaire through interview and literature review; (2) evaluation of psychometric properties of the instrument to introduce a reliable, valid tool.
We assessed qualitative and quantitative face validity of initial questionnaire by administering it to 10 nursing students. Then, a panel of 10 nursing specialists determined the Content Validity Index. After modifying items, we assessed the construct validity of the 45-item questionnaire. A sample of 159 senior nursing students completed the questionnaire, and we conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using this data. To assess the test-retest reliability, 30 students completed the instrument twice with a two-week time interval.
The Content Validity Index with the modified Kappa coefficient was calculated as ≥0.72, which is considered satisfactory. In exploratory factor analysis using the maximum likelihood method and varimax rotation, we extracted 19 items in four factors. This structure included 61.91% of the total variance. The factors were clinical competency, evidence-based practice, framework-oriented performance, and patient-centered care. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's omega values higher than 0.70 and inter-class correlation coefficient above 0.90 for all factors confirmed reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a suitable fitting of the final developed model.
The developed questionnaire is a valid, reliable tool to assess the perceived preparedness of senior nursing students for transition to the clinical setting. Further psychometric testing for this questionnaire on larger populations and in different contexts is suggested.
护理学生对自身专业准备程度的认知有助于他们自信地履行独立的护理角色。
开发并对“护理专业高年级学生专业准备度感知”问卷进行心理测量学测试。
混合方法探索性研究。
我们分两个阶段进行了这项研究：（1）通过访谈和文献回顾制定初始问卷；（2）评估工具的心理测量学特性，以引入可靠、有效的工具。
我们通过对 10 名护理专业学生施测初始问卷，评估其定性和定量表面效度。然后，由 10 名护理专家组成的小组确定内容效度指数。在修改项目后，我们评估了包含 45 个项目的问卷的结构效度。159 名护理专业高年级学生完成了问卷，我们使用这些数据进行了探索性和验证性因子分析。为了评估测试-重测信度，30 名学生在两周的时间间隔内两次完成了该工具。
修改后的 Kappa 系数的内容效度指数被计算为≥0.72，这被认为是令人满意的。在使用最大似然法和方差极大旋转的探索性因子分析中，我们从 45 个项目中提取了 19 个项目，分为四个因子。该结构包含了总方差的 61.91%。这四个因子分别是临床能力、循证实践、框架导向表现和以患者为中心的护理。所有因子的克朗巴赫 α系数和麦克唐纳 ω值均高于 0.70，组内相关系数高于 0.90，这表明信度良好。验证性因子分析表明，最终开发的模型具有合适的拟合度。
开发的问卷是一种有效的、可靠的工具，可用于评估护理专业高年级学生向临床环境过渡的专业准备程度。建议在更大的人群和不同的环境中对该问卷进行进一步的心理测量学测试。
