University Hospital Ulm, Ulm University, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Steinhoevelstraße 1, 89075 Ulm, Germany; Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, School of Social Work, Lucerne, Switzerland.
University Hospital Ulm, Ulm University, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Steinhoevelstraße 1, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
Child Abuse Negl. 2020 Oct;108:104634. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104634. Epub 2020 Aug 1.
Children in migration experience various forms of violence before, on, and after their migration journey. Epidemiological research on the prevalence of violence in this highly vulnerable group is lacking, however.
A PRISMA-guided systematic literature review with a three-tiered search strategy was conducted by searching academic literature databases and gray literature on websites of international organizations and by contacting experts. All empirical studies published within the last 15 years were eligible. Predefined search terms related to violence, children, epidemiology, and migration were used.
Of 1014 records, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 100 to 8,047, with a total of 16,915 children (Mdn = 311). Lifetime prevalence of violence varied considerably: Child physical maltreatment ranged from 9 %-65 % and child sexual abuse from 5 %-20 %. For internally displaced children, violence often occurred at the hands of those who were responsible for their care. Unfortunately, data on the context and country in which the violence occurred-in the country of origin, on route, or in the country of arrival-were lacking.
The discrepancy between the importance of the topic and the dearth of data is striking. Filling the gaps requires not only more rigorous methodology but also more research in general on the epidemiology of violence against children in migration. We outline methodological challenges and draft an agenda for improved data on the topic. There is an urgent need for evidence that supports the development and adaptation of effective, tailored, and child-sensitive prevention and intervention programs for children in migration.
在移徙之前、期间和之后，移民儿童经历着各种形式的暴力。然而，针对这一高度脆弱群体中暴力流行情况的流行病学研究却很匮乏。
采用 PRISMA 指南指导的系统文献综述，结合三级搜索策略，检索学术文献数据库和国际组织网站上的灰色文献，并与专家联系。所有在过去 15 年内发表的实证研究均符合纳入标准。使用了与暴力、儿童、流行病学和移徙相关的预定义搜索词。
在 1014 条记录中，有 17 项研究符合纳入标准。样本量范围从 100 到 8047，共有 16915 名儿童（中位数=311）。暴力的终身流行率差异很大：儿童身体虐待的比例从 9%到 65%不等，儿童性虐待的比例从 5%到 20%不等。对于国内流离失所儿童，暴力往往来自于那些本应对其负责的人。遗憾的是，关于暴力发生的背景和国家（原籍国、途中或抵达国）的数据却缺乏。
该主题的重要性与数据的缺乏之间存在明显的差距。填补这些空白不仅需要更严格的方法，还需要更广泛地研究移徙儿童暴力的流行病学。我们概述了方法学挑战，并起草了关于该主题的改进数据议程。迫切需要有证据支持制定和调整针对移徙儿童的有效、有针对性且对儿童敏感的预防和干预方案。
