Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, 715-719 Broadway, Room 1220, New York, NY10012, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Dec;23(17):3121-3125. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020003031. Epub 2020 Aug 4.
Obesity is a risk factor for severe complications and death from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Public health efforts to control the pandemic may alter health behaviors related to weight gain, inflammation, and poor cardiometabolic health, exacerbating the prevalence of obesity, poor immune health, and chronic diseases.
We reviewed how the pandemic adversely influences many of these behaviors, specifically physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep, and dietary intakes, and provided individual level strategies that may be used to mitigate them.
At the community level and higher, public health and health care professionals need to advocate for intervention strategies and policy changes that address these behaviors, such as increasing nutrition assistance programs and creating designated areas for recreation and active transportation, to reduce disparities among vulnerable populations.
The long-lasting impact of the pandemic on health behaviors, and the possibility of a second COVID-19 wave, emphasize the need for creative and evolving, multi-level approaches to assist individuals in adapting their health behaviors to prevent both chronic and infectious diseases.
肥胖是导致 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）严重并发症和死亡的一个危险因素。控制大流行的公共卫生工作可能会改变与体重增加、炎症和不良心脏代谢健康相关的健康行为，从而加剧肥胖、免疫健康不良和慢性疾病的流行。
我们回顾了大流行如何对许多这些行为产生不利影响，特别是身体活动、久坐行为、睡眠和饮食摄入，并提供了可能用于减轻这些行为的个人层面策略。
在社区和更高层面上，公共卫生和医疗保健专业人员需要倡导干预策略和政策改革，以解决这些行为，例如增加营养援助计划和创建指定的娱乐和积极交通区域，以减少弱势群体之间的差距。
大流行对健康行为的持久影响，以及第二波 COVID-19 的可能性，强调需要创造性和不断发展的、多层次的方法来帮助个人调整其健康行为，以预防慢性和传染病。
