China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China.
National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2020 Aug 28;48(4):1545-1556. doi: 10.1042/BST20191063.
LncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the human genome and also extensively involved in a variety of essential biological processes and human diseases. The comprehensive annotation of human lncRNAs is of great significance in navigating the functional landscape of the human genome and deepening the understanding of the multi-featured RNA world. However, the unique characteristics of lncRNAs as well as their enormous quantity have complicated and challenged the annotation of lncRNAs. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies give rise to a large volume of omics data that are generated at an unprecedented rate and scale, providing possibilities in the identification, characterization and functional annotation of lncRNAs. Here, we review the recent important discoveries of human lncRNAs through analysis of various omics data and summarize specialized lncRNA database resources. Moreover, we highlight the multi-omics integrative analysis as a powerful strategy to efficiently discover and characterize the functional lncRNAs and elucidate their potential molecular mechanisms.
长链非编码 RNA（lncRNAs）广泛转录于人类基因组中，并广泛参与多种重要的生物学过程和人类疾病。全面注释人类 lncRNAs 对于探索人类基因组的功能图谱和加深对多特征 RNA 世界的理解具有重要意义。然而，lncRNAs 的独特特征及其巨大数量使得 lncRNAs 的注释变得复杂和具有挑战性。高通量测序技术的进步产生了大量的组学数据，这些数据以前所未有的速度和规模生成，为 lncRNAs 的鉴定、特征描述和功能注释提供了可能性。在这里，我们通过分析各种组学数据回顾了人类 lncRNAs 的最新重要发现，并总结了专门的 lncRNA 数据库资源。此外，我们强调了多组学综合分析是一种有效的发现和描述功能 lncRNAs 并阐明其潜在分子机制的强大策略。
