Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino and Foundation for Cardiovascular Research and Education (FCRE), Lugano, Switzerland.
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland.
Stem Cells. 2020 Nov;38(11):1387-1399. doi: 10.1002/stem.3261. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
The adult human heart has limited regenerative capacity; hence, stem cell therapy has been investigated as a potential approach for cardiac repair. However, a large part of the benefit of the injection of stem and progenitor cells into injured hearts is mediated by secreted factors. Exosomes-nano-sized secreted extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin-have emerged as key signaling organelles in intercellular communication, and are now viewed as the key regenerative constituent of the secretome of stem and progenitor cells. Exosomes released from mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac-derived progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes exhibit cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, and reparative abilities. This concise review discusses the therapeutic benefit of exosomes secreted by stem and progenitor cells in preclinical models of ischemic heart disease.
成人心脏的再生能力有限；因此，干细胞疗法已被研究作为心脏修复的一种潜在方法。然而，将干细胞和祖细胞注入受损心脏所带来的大部分益处是由分泌因子介导的。外泌体——源自内体的纳米大小的分泌型细胞外囊泡——已成为细胞间通讯的关键信号细胞器，现在被视为干细胞和祖细胞分泌组的关键再生成分。间充质干细胞、心脏来源的祖细胞、胚胎干细胞、诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 和 iPSC 衍生的心肌细胞释放的外泌体具有心脏保护、免疫调节和修复能力。这篇简明的综述讨论了在缺血性心脏病的临床前模型中，干细胞和祖细胞分泌的外泌体的治疗益处。
