Unité de Physiopathologie Clinique, Département cœur-vaisseaux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 7a, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Research team Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular diseases (PEC2, EA7460), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France.
J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2019 Feb;12(1):18-27. doi: 10.1007/s12265-018-9831-z. Epub 2018 Sep 2.
Intercellular communications play a pivotal role in several cardiac pathophysiological processes. One subtype of extracellular vesicles, so-called exosomes, became known as important intercellular communication mediators in the heart. Exosomes are lipid bilayer biological nanovesicles loaded with diverse proteins, lipids, and mRNAs/microRNAs. All major cardiac cell types can modulate recipient cellular function via the release of exosomes. After myocardial infarction (MI), exosomes, especially those secreted by different cardiac stem cells, have been shown to confer cardioprotective effects, activate regenerative signals, and participate into cardiac repair. In this review, we rapidly recall the biology of exosomes at the beginning. Then we summarize the exosomes secreted by different myocardial cells and their function in cardiac intercellular communication. At last, we discuss the role of these vesicles in cardiac repair after MI.
细胞间通讯在几种心脏病理生理过程中起着关键作用。细胞外囊泡（extracellular vesicles）的一种亚型，即所谓的外泌体，已被证明是心脏中重要的细胞间通讯介质。外泌体是负载多种蛋白质、脂质和 mRNAs/microRNAs 的脂质双层生物纳米囊泡。所有主要的心脏细胞类型都可以通过释放外泌体来调节受体细胞的功能。心肌梗死后（MI），外泌体，特别是不同心脏干细胞分泌的外泌体，已被证明具有心脏保护作用，激活再生信号，并参与心脏修复。在这篇综述中，我们首先快速回顾外泌体的生物学。然后，我们总结了不同心肌细胞分泌的外泌体及其在心脏细胞间通讯中的功能。最后，我们讨论了这些囊泡在 MI 后心脏修复中的作用。
