From the Department of Radiological Sciences (M.H.), David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Neurology (S.D.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2020 Sep;41(9):1542-1549. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A6649. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
Radiologically isolated syndrome refers to an entity in which white matter lesions fulfilling the criteria for multiple sclerosis occur in individuals without a history of a clinical demyelinating attack or alternative etiology. Since its introduction in 2009, the diagnostic criteria of radiologically isolated syndrome and its clinical relevance have been widely debated by neurologists and radiologists. The aim of the present study was to review the following: 1) historical evolution of radiologically isolated syndrome criteria, 2) clinical and imaging findings in adults and children with radiologically isolated syndrome, 3) imaging features of patients with radiologically isolated syndrome at high risk for conversion to MS, and 4) challenges and controversies for work-up, management, and therapeutic interventions of patients with radiologically isolated syndrome.
放射学孤立综合征是指在个体没有临床脱髓鞘发作或其他病因的情况下,出现符合多发性硬化症标准的白质病变。自 2009 年引入以来,放射学孤立综合征的诊断标准及其临床相关性一直受到神经病学家和放射科医生的广泛争论。本研究旨在回顾以下内容:1)放射学孤立综合征标准的历史演变,2)成人和儿童放射学孤立综合征的临床和影像学表现,3)放射学孤立综合征向 MS 转化高风险患者的影像学特征,以及 4)放射学孤立综合征患者的检查、管理和治疗干预的挑战和争议。