Department for Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Sarajevo-Faculty of Pharmacy, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
University of Sarajevo-Veterinary Faculty, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 6;10(1):13238. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70205-9.
This work investigates the level of exposure to cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) via fish and seafood products in adult population in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Metals content was determined in seven commercial species of fish and seafood products widely available and consumed in BiH. Analysis of Cd and Pb was performed by GFAAS (Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry), and analysis of Hg by FIAS AAS (flow injection cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry) in accredited laboratory for food analysis. The health risk was determined by the estimated weekly intake, hazard index, target hazard quotients, and percent of tolerable weekly intake or percent of benchmark dose lower confidence limit. Concentration above the maximum residue level (MRL) set in the European Union was found in only one sample (Hg in mackerel). Cd content was generally high in squid, approaching the corresponding MRL in two samples. The hazard index was close to 1 in bluefin tuna and mackerel, mostly due to Hg content. These two fish species should be consumed in moderation, especially by pregnant women. While consumption of various fish and seafood on average is not of significant concern, health risk could not be ruled out for high consumers.
本研究旨在调查波黑成年人群通过食用鱼类和海鲜产品摄入镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）和铅（Pb）的水平。研究人员在波黑广泛食用的七种商业鱼类和海鲜产品中测定了这些金属的含量。Cd 和 Pb 的分析采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法（GFAAS）进行，Hg 的分析采用流动注射冷蒸气原子吸收光谱法（FIAS AAS）在经过认证的食品分析实验室进行。通过估计每周摄入量、危害指数、目标危害系数以及可耐受每周摄入量的百分比或基准剂量较低置信限的百分比来确定健康风险。研究发现，只有一个样本（鲭鱼中的 Hg）的浓度超过了欧盟设定的最大残留限量（MRL）。鱿鱼中的 Cd 含量通常较高，有两个样本接近相应的 MRL。金枪鱼和鲭鱼的危害指数接近 1，主要是由于 Hg 含量。这两种鱼类应适量食用，特别是孕妇。虽然平均而言，各种鱼类和海鲜的食用量并不令人担忧，但对于高消费者来说，仍不能排除健康风险。
