Nurković Jasmin S, Vojinović Radiša, Dolićanin Zana
Center for Regeneration and Rehabilitation, Novi Pazar, Serbia.
Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Stem Cells Int. 2020 Jul 20;2020:8813447. doi: 10.1155/2020/8813447. eCollection 2020.
In the past few years, intensive research has focused on corneal stem cells as an unlimited source for cell-based therapy in regenerative ophthalmology. Today, it is known that the cornea has at least two types of stem cells: limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) and corneal stromal stem cells (CSSCs). LESCs are used for regeneration of corneal surface, while CSSCs are used for regeneration of corneal stroma. Until now, various approaches and methods for isolation of LESCs and CSSCs and their successful transplantation have been described and tested in several preclinical studies and clinical trials. This review describes in detail phenotypic characteristics of LESCs and CSSCs and discusses their therapeutic potential in corneal regeneration. Since efficient and safe corneal stem cell-based therapy is still a challenging issue that requires continuous cooperation between researchers, clinicians, and patients, this review addresses the important limitations and suggests possible strategies for improvement of corneal stem cell-based therapy.
在过去几年中，深入研究聚焦于角膜干细胞，将其作为再生眼科基于细胞治疗的无限细胞来源。如今，已知角膜至少有两种干细胞：角膜缘上皮干细胞（LESCs）和角膜基质干细胞（CSSCs）。LESCs用于角膜表面再生，而CSSCs用于角膜基质再生。到目前为止，在多项临床前研究和临床试验中已经描述并测试了分离LESCs和CSSCs的各种方法及其成功移植。本综述详细描述了LESCs和CSSCs的表型特征，并讨论了它们在角膜再生中的治疗潜力。由于高效且安全的基于角膜干细胞的治疗仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题，需要研究人员、临床医生和患者之间持续合作，因此本综述阐述了重要局限性，并提出了改进基于角膜干细胞治疗的可能策略。
