Inserm U1231, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté.
Reference Center for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital Dijon-Bourgogne.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2020 Sep;26(5):429-435. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000706.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease involving unclear pathological mechanisms. The present review presents and discusses the major and recent advances in our knowledge of the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis.
The past months have deepened our understanding on the cellular actors of fibrosis with a better characterization of the abnormal lung epithelial cells observed during lung fibrosis. Better insight has been gained into fibroblast biology and the role of immune cells during fibrosis. Mechanistically, senescence appears as a key driver of the fibrotic process. Extracellular vesicles have been discovered as participating in the impaired cellular cross-talk during fibrosis and deeper understanding has been made on developmental signaling in lung fibrosis.
This review emphasizes the contribution of different cell types and mechanisms during pulmonary fibrosis, highlights new insights for identification of potential therapeutic strategies, and underlines where future research is needed to answer remaining open questions.
肺纤维化是一种涉及不明病理机制的慢性进行性肺部疾病。本综述介绍并讨论了我们对肺纤维化发病机制的主要和最新认识进展。
过去几个月，我们加深了对纤维化细胞因子的认识，更好地描述了肺纤维化过程中观察到的异常肺上皮细胞。对成纤维细胞生物学和免疫细胞在纤维化过程中的作用有了更深入的了解。从机制上讲，衰老似乎是纤维化过程的关键驱动因素。细胞外囊泡被发现参与纤维化过程中受损的细胞串扰，并且对肺纤维化中的发育信号有了更深入的了解。
本综述强调了不同细胞类型和机制在肺纤维化中的作用，突出了为确定潜在治疗策略提供的新见解，并强调了需要进一步研究以回答尚未解决的问题的领域。
