Twenty-one new species of the () species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships.

Females and males reared from pupae, their pupal exuviae and cocoons, and mature larvae of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group from various localities in Thailand were morphologically examined. A total of 25 species was identified, including two of four known species ( Takaoka & Davies and Takaoka & Srisuka), one newly confirmed species ( Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung, originally described from Myanmar), one newly transferred species ( Takaoka & Suzuki formerly of the species group), and 21 new species. Descriptions of all 21 new species are given, and the first full description of the male of , together with the revised descriptions of its female, pupa, and larva, is also provided. Keys to identify all 27 members of this species group from Thailand are given for females, males, pupae, and larvae. The genetic relationships of all but one species were resolved using COI gene sequence-based analysis. All 26 species were divided into nine subgroups, I-IX, each consisting of two, one, four, nine, one, three, two, one and three species, respectively.