Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, Sana'a, Yemen.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Jul 28;2020:1281792. doi: 10.1155/2020/1281792. eCollection 2020.
In view of the association of Ramadan intermittent fasting with profound changes in lifestyle both in nondiabetic and diabetic patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on adiponectin, leptin and leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR), growth hormone (GH), human-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and diabetic and metabolic syndrome factors in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM), their first-degree relatives (FDRs), and healthy controls.
This cohort study involved 98 Yemeni male subjects aged 30-70 years old: 30 Type 2 DM, 37 FDRs of Type 2 diabetic patients, and 31 healthy control subjects. Subjects' body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP) were measured, and venous blood samples were collected twice: the first samples were collected a couple of days prior to Ramadan fasting (baseline) and the second samples after 3 weeks of fasting.
Ramadan fasting did not affect BMI, WC, and BP in Type 2 DM and their FDRs with respect to the baseline levels prior to Ramadan, whereas triglyceride and cholesterol were borderline significantly decreased in Type 2 DM with no effect in FDRs. Fasting blood glucose was not affected in Type 2 DM but was significantly increased in FDRs and control groups, whereas glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was slightly decreased in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls. C-peptide, insulin, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly increased in Type 2 DM and FDRs, with no effect in the control group, whereas -cell function (HOMA-) was significantly decreased in FDRs and controls with no change in Type 2 DM. Ramadan fasting significantly decreased GH in both FDRs and control groups, and significantly increased hs-CRP in the control with no effect in Type 2 DM and FDRs. Adiponectin was significantly decreased, and leptin and LAR were significantly increased in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and control groups.
Ramadan intermittent fasting decreased adiponectin and increased leptin, LAR, insulin, and insulin resistance in both Type 2 DM and FDRs as well as decreased GH in both FDRs and healthy controls and increased hs-CRP in healthy controls. Moreover, Ramadan intermittent fasting neither worsens a patient's glycemic parameters nor improves it, with the exception of a slight improvement in HbA1c in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls.
鉴于斋月间歇性禁食会对非糖尿病和糖尿病患者的生活方式产生深远影响，本研究旨在探讨斋月禁食对脂联素、瘦素和瘦素与脂联素比值（LAR）、生长激素（GH）、人敏感 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）以及 2 型糖尿病（Type 2 DM）患者、其一级亲属（FDRs）和健康对照者的糖尿病和代谢综合征因素的影响。
这是一项队列研究，纳入了 98 名年龄在 30-70 岁的也门男性受试者：30 名 2 型 DM 患者、37 名 2 型糖尿病患者的 FDRs 和 31 名健康对照者。测量了受试者的体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）和血压（BP），并采集了两次静脉血样：第一次血样在斋月禁食前几天（基线）采集，第二次血样在禁食 3 周后采集。
斋月禁食对 2 型 DM 及其 FDRs 的 BMI、WC 和 BP 没有影响，与斋月前的基线水平相比，2 型 DM 的甘油三酯和胆固醇略有下降，而 FDRs 没有影响。2 型 DM 的空腹血糖没有变化，但 FDRs 和对照组的血糖显著升高，HbA1c 略有下降，2 型 DM、FDRs 和健康对照组的胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）显著增加，而对照组的β细胞功能（HOMA-β）显著下降。FDRs 和对照组的 GH 显著下降，而对照组的 hs-CRP 显著升高，2 型 DM 和 FDRs 则没有影响。2 型 DM、FDRs 和对照组的脂联素显著下降，瘦素和 LAR 显著升高。
斋月间歇性禁食可降低 2 型 DM 及 FDRs 的脂联素水平，增加瘦素、LAR、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗，并降低 FDRs 和健康对照组的 GH，增加健康对照组的 hs-CRP。此外，斋月间歇性禁食既不会恶化患者的血糖参数，也不会改善血糖参数，除了 2 型 DM、FDRs 和健康对照组的 HbA1c 略有改善。
