Djunaedi E, Sommer A, Pandji A, Taylor H R
Ministry of Health, Government of Indonesia, Jakarta.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1988 Feb;106(2):218-22. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1988.01060130228033.
The value of biannual distribution of 200,000 IU of vitamin A in preventing xerophthalmia was assessed in a randomized, controlled community-based trial involving 25,000 preschool children in 450 villages of northern Sumatra. Results indicate that distribution was associated with a dramatic decline in xerophthalmia prevalence; that concurrent controls were critical for distinguishing spontaneous from program-related changes; and that the apparent level of benefit depended on the choice of clinical indicator(s). Night blindness ceases to be an accurate reflection of impact when prevalence rates are low, and comparison of Bitot's spot rates should be confined to new cases of disease.
在苏门答腊岛北部450个村庄开展的一项基于社区的随机对照试验中，评估了每半年分发20万国际单位维生素A预防干眼病的效果。该试验涉及25000名学龄前儿童。结果表明，分发维生素A与干眼病患病率的显著下降相关；同期对照对于区分自发变化和项目相关变化至关重要；明显的受益程度取决于临床指标的选择。当患病率较低时，夜盲不再能准确反映影响，毕脱氏斑率的比较应仅限于新发病例。
