Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A5, Canada.
Psychol Res. 2021 Sep;85(6):2186-2196. doi: 10.1007/s00426-020-01397-y. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
This study investigated the relationship between numerical and spatial processing and reading direction, conducting conceptual replications of the Shaki et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 16(2): 328-331, 2009) parity task and the Mathieu et al. (Cognition 146: 229-239, 2016, Experiment 1) simple addition (e.g., 3 + 2) and subtraction (e.g., 3 - 2) task. Twenty-four left-to-right readers (LTR) and 24 right-to-left readers (RTL) were tested. The response time (RT) analysis of the parity task presented a robust spatial-numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect (left-side response advantage for smaller numbers and right-side advantage for larger numbers) for LTR but not RTL readers. In the arithmetic task, the three problem elements (e.g., 3 + 4) were presented sequentially with the second operand displaced slightly to the left or right of fixation. RTL but not LTR readers presented a RT advantage for subtraction relative to addition with a right-shifted second operand compared to it being left-shifted. This is consistent with a spatial bias linked to native reading direction. For both reading-direction groups, effects of the left vs. right side manipulation in the arithmetic or parity task did not correspond to parallel effects in the other task. The results imply that the parity-based SNARC effects and side-related effects in cognitive arithmetic are not equivalent measures of space-related processes in cognitive number processing and likely reflect distinct mechanisms.
本研究调查了数字和空间加工与阅读方向之间的关系，对 Shaki 等人的奇偶任务（《心理学报与评论》16(2):328-331, 2009）和 Mathieu 等人的简单加法（例如，3+2）和减法（例如，3-2）任务进行了概念复制。24 名从左到右的读者（LTR）和 24 名从右到左的读者（RTL）接受了测试。奇偶任务的反应时间（RT）分析呈现出强大的空间-数字反应代码关联（SNARC）效应（较小数字的左侧反应优势和较大数字的右侧优势），但 RTL 读者没有。在算术任务中，三个问题元素（例如，3+4）依次呈现，第二个操作数稍微向左或向右偏离注视点。与第二个操作数左移相比，RTL 读者而不是 LTR 读者在第二个操作数右移时表现出减法相对于加法的 RT 优势。这与与母语阅读方向相关的空间偏向一致。对于这两个阅读方向组，在算术或奇偶任务中左侧与右侧操作的影响与在另一个任务中的平行影响不对应。结果表明，基于奇偶的 SNARC 效应和认知算术中的与侧相关的效应不是认知数字处理中与空间相关过程的等效衡量标准，可能反映了不同的机制。
