Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2020 Dec;21(12):e13121. doi: 10.1111/obr.13121. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
The adverse physical impacts of childhood obesity are increasingly being recognized. The objective of this study is to examine relationships between physical function and adiposity in youth. An umbrella review searched seven databases from inception to May 2019 for systematic reviews examining associations between adiposity and physical function in 0-20-year-olds. Findings were synthesized using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework and NHMRC FORM. Seventeen of 21 systematic reviews reported impairments to body function, including cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle function, balance/coordination, gait biomechanics, pain and injury. Six reviews reported activity restrictions in motor skills, running speed/agility and functional mobility, and two found inverse associations between adiposity and physical health-related quality of life (p-HRQOL). Some causal relationships indicated that adiposity inversely predicted p-HRQOL/CRF and CRF/muscle function inversely predicted adiposity. Assessments of physical function were heterogeneous and impacts on participation in life situations meaningful to the individual were largely unknown. Substantial evidence associates childhood overweight/obesity with reduced physical function. Associations were mainly cross-sectional, with causative evidence for some outcomes. Comprehensive physical function assessments by qualified health professionals are needed, along with targeted interventions to address deficits. Research should further examine causality of relationships, underlying mechanisms and participation challenges in real-life contexts.
儿童肥胖对身体的不良影响正日益受到关注。本研究旨在探讨青少年身体功能与肥胖之间的关系。一项伞式综述从建库至 2019 年 5 月，在七个数据库中搜索了系统评价，以检查肥胖与 0-20 岁人群身体功能之间的关联。研究结果使用国际功能、残疾和健康分类框架和 NHMRC 表格进行综合。21 项系统评价中有 17 项报告了身体功能障碍，包括心肺功能（CRF）、肌肉功能、平衡/协调、步态生物力学、疼痛和损伤。有 6 项综述报告了运动技能、跑步速度/敏捷性和功能性移动方面的活动受限，有 2 项研究发现肥胖与身体健康相关生活质量（p-HRQOL）之间呈负相关。一些因果关系表明，肥胖与 p-HRQOL/CRF 呈负相关，CRF/肌肉功能与肥胖呈负相关。身体功能评估存在异质性，肥胖对个人生活中重要活动的参与影响尚不清楚。大量证据表明儿童超重/肥胖与身体功能下降有关。这些关联主要是横断面的，对某些结果有因果证据。需要由合格的健康专业人员进行全面的身体功能评估，并针对存在的缺陷进行有针对性的干预。研究应进一步探讨这些关系的因果关系、潜在机制和在现实生活环境中参与面临的挑战。
