Department of Public Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, Klecany, Czech Republic.
Third Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Charles University, Ruská 2411/87, Prague, Czech Republic.
Psychiatr Q. 2021 Mar;92(1):407-418. doi: 10.1007/s11126-020-09817-3.
This study aimed to examine attitudes towards people with mental illness and psychiatry and interest in career choice in psychiatry among medical students from three medical schools in Czechia and Slovakia. A total of 495 medical students participated in a cross-sectional study. Participants completed (1) the Medical students' version of mental illness: clinicians' attitudes (MICA-2) scale, (2) the Reported and intended behaviour scale (RIBS), (3) the Attractiveness of working on a psychiatry-related position scale (P-ATTRACT), and (4) the Status of psychiatry scale (P-STATUS). Descriptive statistics, group comparisons and regression models were calculated. From 23 to 30% of students considered a specialization in psychiatry. However, only about 1% of them had a strong interest in psychiatry as a future career, moreover, students of higher years of study found psychiatry less attractive compared to those who are in the beginning of the study. The consideration of specialization in psychiatry was found to be statistically significantly associated with less stigmatizing attitudes and lower social distance towards people with mental illness. There were statistically significant differences in stigmatizing attitudes among medical schools, with a medical school emphasizing the education in psychiatry the most showing more positive attitudes. It is necessary to increase the interest in psychiatry and minimize stigma among medical students. Psychiatry curriculum in Central and Eastern European region should include more psychiatry-related courses, training in community and out-patient facilities, peer-lectors, and offer counselling after exposure to emotionally challenging clinical situations.
本研究旨在调查捷克和斯洛伐克三所医学院的医学生对精神疾病患者和精神病学的态度以及对精神科职业选择的兴趣。共有 495 名医学生参与了这项横断面研究。参与者完成了（1）医学生版精神疾病：临床医生的态度量表（MICA-2），（2）报告和意向行为量表（RIBS），（3）从事与精神病学相关职位吸引力量表（P-ATTRACT），和（4）精神病学状况量表（P-STATUS）。计算了描述性统计、组间比较和回归模型。有 23%至 30%的学生考虑专门从事精神病学。然而，只有约 1%的学生对精神病学作为未来职业有强烈的兴趣，而且，与处于学习初期的学生相比，高年级学生认为精神病学的吸引力较低。考虑专门从事精神病学与歧视性态度减少和对精神疾病患者的社会距离降低呈统计学显著相关。医学院之间在歧视性态度方面存在统计学显著差异，最强调精神病学教育的医学院表现出更积极的态度。有必要提高医学生对精神病学的兴趣并减少对其的污名化。中东欧地区的精神病学课程应包括更多与精神病学相关的课程、社区和门诊设施培训、朋辈导师，并在接触到情感挑战的临床情况后提供咨询。
