Department of Infectious, Tropical Diseases and Immune Deficiency, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
Pol Arch Intern Med. 2020 Jan 29;131(1):63-69. doi: 10.20452/pamw.15550. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19), is a novel pathogen recently introduced to the human population. It is characterized by rapid epidemic transmissions due to lack of herd immunity as well as by notable mortality which increases with age and in patients with comorbidities. Outbreak forecasting and modelling suggest that the number of infected people will continue to rise globally in the forthcoming months. Upon investigation of the disease patterns, differences in mortality between south‑European and north‑European countries became striking with mortality of more than 10% in Italy and Spain and less than 5% in Germany and Poland so far. It is unknown if this difference is associated with a higher virulence of viral strains, differences in host genomics, access to medical resources, or other unknown variables. Little is also known about SARS‑CoV‑2 evolutionary and transmission patterns as a limited number of large‑scale sequence and phylogenetic analyses have been performed so far. In this review, we aimed to provide concise data on the SARS‑CoV‑2 genomics, molecular evolution, and variability with special consideration of the disease course.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）与 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关，是一种最近才在人类中出现的新型病原体。由于缺乏群体免疫以及与年龄和合并症相关的显著死亡率，它具有快速的流行传播特征。疫情预测和建模表明，在未来几个月，全球感染人数将继续上升。对疾病模式进行调查后发现，南欧和北欧国家之间的死亡率差异显著，意大利和西班牙的死亡率超过 10%，而德国和波兰的死亡率则低于 5%。目前尚不清楚这种差异是否与病毒株的更高毒力、宿主基因组学的差异、医疗资源的可及性或其他未知变量有关。由于到目前为止只进行了少数几次大规模的序列和系统发育分析，因此对 SARS-CoV-2 的进化和传播模式也知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们旨在提供关于 SARS-CoV-2 基因组学、分子进化和变异性的简明数据，并特别考虑疾病过程。
