Pak Wansoo, Meng Yunzhu, Schap Jeremy, Koya Bharath, Gayzik F Scott, Untaroiu Costin D
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2020 Dec;23(16):1336-1346. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1801652. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road user and represent about 23% of the road traffic deaths in the world. A finite element (FE) model corresponding to a 5 percentile female pedestrian (F05-PS) was developed by morphing the Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) 50 percentile male pedestrian (M50-PS) model to the reconstructed geometry of a recruited small female subject. The material properties of the pedestrian model were assigned based on GHBMC M50-PS model. In model validation, the knee lateral stiffness and force time histories of F05-PS upper body showed similar trends, but softer responses than the corresponding data recorded in post mortem human surrogate (PMHS) tests and linearly scaled to average male anthropometry. Finally, the pedestrian model was verified in a Car-to-Pedestrian Collison (CPC) simulation. The marker trajectories recorded in simulation were close to the data recorded on small PMHS in testing and the model predicted typical knee ligament ruptures. Therefore, we believe the F05-PS model, the first FE model developed based on a female reconstructed geometry, could be used to improve vehicle front-end design for pedestrian protection and/or to investigate various pedestrian accidents.
行人是道路上最脆弱的使用者，约占全球道路交通死亡人数的23%。通过将全球人体模型联盟（GHBMC）的50百分位男性行人（M50-PS）模型变形为招募的小个子女性受试者的重建几何形状，开发了一个对应于5百分位女性行人（F05-PS）的有限元（FE）模型。行人模型的材料属性基于GHBMC M50-PS模型进行赋值。在模型验证中，F05-PS上半身的膝关节侧向刚度和力随时间的变化历程呈现出相似的趋势，但比在尸体人类替代物（PMHS）测试中记录的相应数据响应更软，并按平均男性人体测量学进行线性缩放。最后，在汽车与行人碰撞（CPC）模拟中对行人模型进行了验证。模拟中记录的标记轨迹与测试中小个子PMHS上记录的数据接近，并且该模型预测了典型的膝关节韧带断裂。因此，我们认为F05-PS模型，即第一个基于女性重建几何形状开发的有限元模型，可用于改进车辆前端行人保护设计和/或研究各种行人事故。
