Untaroiu Costin D, Pak Wansoo, Meng Yunzhu, Schap Jeremy, Koya Bharath, Gayzik Scott
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060 e-mail: .
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060.
J Biomech Eng. 2018 Jan 1;140(1). doi: 10.1115/1.4037854.
Pedestrians represent one of the most vulnerable road users and comprise nearly 22% the road crash-related fatalities in the world. Therefore, protection of pedestrians in car-to-pedestrian collisions (CPC) has recently generated increased attention with regulations involving three subsystem tests. The development of a finite element (FE) pedestrian model could provide a complementary component that characterizes the whole-body response of vehicle-pedestrian interactions and assesses the pedestrian injuries. The main goal of this study was to develop and to validate a simplified full body FE model corresponding to a 50th male pedestrian in standing posture (M50-PS). The FE model mesh and defined material properties are based on a 50th percentile male occupant model. The lower limb-pelvis and lumbar spine regions of the human model were validated against the postmortem human surrogate (PMHS) test data recorded in four-point lateral knee bending tests, pelvic\abdomen\shoulder\thoracic impact tests, and lumbar spine bending tests. Then, a pedestrian-to-vehicle impact simulation was performed using the whole pedestrian model, and the results were compared to corresponding PMHS tests. Overall, the simulation results showed that lower leg response is mostly within the boundaries of PMHS corridors. In addition, the model shows the capability to predict the most common lower extremity injuries observed in pedestrian accidents. Generally, the validated pedestrian model may be used by safety researchers in the design of front ends of new vehicles in order to increase pedestrian protection.
行人是道路上最脆弱的使用者之一，全球近22%的道路交通事故死亡涉及行人。因此，在涉及三个子系统测试的法规推动下，汽车与行人碰撞事故（CPC）中行人保护问题近来受到更多关注。有限元（FE）行人模型的开发可以作为一个补充组件，用于描述车辆与行人相互作用时的全身响应，并评估行人损伤情况。本研究的主要目标是开发并验证一个对应于第50百分位站立姿势男性行人（M50-PS）的简化全身有限元模型。该有限元模型的网格和定义的材料属性基于第50百分位男性乘员模型。人体模型的下肢-骨盆和腰椎区域根据在四点外侧膝盖弯曲试验、骨盆/腹部/肩部/胸部撞击试验以及腰椎弯曲试验中记录的尸体人类 surrogate（PMHS）测试数据进行了验证。然后，使用整个行人模型进行了行人与车辆碰撞模拟，并将结果与相应的PMHS测试进行了比较。总体而言，模拟结果表明小腿响应大多在PMHS走廊范围内。此外，该模型显示出能够预测行人事故中最常见的下肢损伤。一般来说，经过验证的行人模型可供安全研究人员在设计新车辆前端时使用，以提高行人保护水平。
