Hassanin Ahmed, Hassanein Mahmoud, Bendary Ahmed, Maksoud Madiha Abdel
Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, USA.
Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Egypt Heart J. 2020 Aug 13;72(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s43044-020-00082-0.
Regional level data on hospitalized heart failure (HHF) patients in Egypt is scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of HHF patients from four distinct geographical regions of Egypt.
Study participants were part of the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long Term (ESC-HF-LT) Registry, which enrolled patients from April 2011 to February 2014. A total of 1661 HHF patients from Egypt were enrolled, of whom 1645 were eligible for analysis: 914 from Alexandria, 249 from Cairo, 409 from the Delta region, and 73 from Upper Egypt. The mean age ranged from 52.2 to 62.8 years and differed significantly between the 4 groups (P < 0.01). Females represented one-third of the cohort (P = 0.5 between groups). The prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension also varied significantly across the groups (P < 0.01). The most common etiology of heart failure (HF) was ischemic heart disease. HF with reduced systolic function was the leading type of HF in the 4 groups (P = 0.6). The most common valvular abnormality in all regions was mitral regurgitation. For patients with prior history of HF, community-acquired infection was the most common reason for a HF exacerbation in all 4 groups. In-hospital mortality ranged from 2.9 to 7.7% in the 4 groups (P = 0.06). Only Alexandria and Delta groups provided reliable 1-year follow-up data, given low patient retention in Cairo and Upper Egypt groups. At one-year, 32% of patients from Alexandria compared to 22.6% from Delta were re-hospitalized for HF (P < 0.01). Mortality at 1 year was also significantly higher in Alexandria compared to Delta, 31.8 vs 13.2% respectively (P < 0.01).
HHF patients from different geographic regions of Egypt differed significantly in their demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Those differences underscore the importance of region-specific HF prevention and management strategies.
埃及住院心力衰竭（HHF）患者的地区层面数据匮乏。本研究的目的是比较来自埃及四个不同地理区域的HHF患者的人口统计学特征、临床特征和预后。
研究参与者是欧洲心脏病学会心力衰竭长期（ESC-HF-LT）注册研究的一部分，该研究于2011年4月至2014年2月招募患者。埃及共有1661例HHF患者入组，其中1645例符合分析条件：来自亚历山大港的914例、开罗的249例、三角洲地区的409例和上埃及的73例。平均年龄在52.2至62.8岁之间，4组之间差异显著（P<0.01）。女性占队列的三分之一（组间P = 0.5）。肥胖、糖尿病和高血压的患病率在各组之间也有显著差异（P<0.01）。心力衰竭（HF）最常见的病因是缺血性心脏病。收缩功能降低的HF是4组中主要的HF类型（P = 0.6）。所有地区最常见的瓣膜异常是二尖瓣反流。对于有HF病史的患者，社区获得性感染是所有4组中HF加重的最常见原因。4组的住院死亡率在2.9%至7.7%之间（P = 0.06）。由于开罗和上埃及组的患者保留率低，只有亚历山大港和三角洲组提供了可靠的1年随访数据。1年后，来自亚历山大港的患者中有32%因HF再次住院，而来自三角洲的患者为22.6%（P<0.01）。亚历山大港1年时的死亡率也显著高于三角洲，分别为31.8%和13.2%（P<0.01）。
来自埃及不同地理区域的HHF患者在人口统计学特征、临床特征和预后方面存在显著差异。这些差异强调了针对特定地区的HF预防和管理策略的重要性。
