School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University.
Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2021 Mar;150(3):401-413. doi: 10.1037/xge0000782. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
Cognitively suppressing the retrieval of an unwanted memory causes its forgetting and, in the meantime, disrupts hippocampal functions. The present study investigated whether retrieval suppression induces virtual amnesia, which disturbs any existing memories that are reactivated in the temporal vicinity but are otherwise unrelated to the targets of suppression. Participants performed retrieval suppression on a set of memories while cues of an unrelated set of memories were briefly presented near in time to the suppression trials. Results showed that retrieval suppression impaired the retrieval of both the directly suppressed content and the reactivated unrelated memory. This amnesic shadow functioned in both the forward and backward temporal directions, and its forgetting effect was revealed by independent cues that were not presented in the shadow. Remarkably, a negative memory could be impaired simply by presenting it between the suppression episodes of an unrelated neutral memory. These findings provide support for systemic influence of retrieval suppression on hippocampal functions and offer a way to disrupt existing episodic memory strategically. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
认知抑制对不想要的记忆的提取会导致其遗忘，同时也会干扰海马体的功能。本研究调查了检索抑制是否会引起虚拟健忘症，即干扰在时间附近重新激活的任何现有记忆，但与抑制目标无关。参与者在一组记忆中进行检索抑制，而在抑制试验附近短暂呈现一组不相关记忆的线索。结果表明，检索抑制不仅损害了直接抑制内容的提取，还损害了重新激活的不相关记忆的提取。这种健忘的阴影在前后两个时间方向上都起作用，其遗忘效应是通过没有在阴影中呈现的独立线索揭示的。值得注意的是，仅仅通过在不相关的中性记忆的抑制片段之间呈现一个负性记忆，就可以损害这个负性记忆。这些发现为检索抑制对海马体功能的系统影响提供了支持，并提供了一种有策略地破坏现有情景记忆的方法。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
