St Louis M E, Morse D L, Potter M E, DeMelfi T M, Guzewich J J, Tauxe R V, Blake P A
Enteric Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
JAMA. 1988 Apr 8;259(14):2103-7.
From 1976 to 1986, reported Salmonella enteritidis infections increased more than sixfold in the northeastern United States. From January 1985 to May 1987, sixty-five foodborne outbreaks of S enteritidis were reported in the Northeast that were associated with 2119 cases and 11 deaths. Twenty-seven (77%) of the 35 outbreaks with identified food vehicles were caused by Grade A shell eggs or foods that contained such eggs. National data from 1973 to 1984 showed that S enteritidis outbreaks (44%) were more frequently associated with egg-containing foods than were outbreaks of other Salmonella serotypes (15%). Reflecting the geographic distribution of human illness, cultures of bulk raw eggs from pasteurization plants in the Northeast more frequently yielded S enteritidis (10%) than did eggs from other regions of the United States (0%). The epidemic rise in S enteritidis infections due to Grade A shell eggs is unlike past problems of salmonellosis associated with cracked or soiled eggs and raises the possibility of trans-ovarian contamination of eggs with S enteritidis. New techniques may therefore be needed to control resurgent egg-associated salmonellosis in the United States.
1976年至1986年期间，美国东北部报告的肠炎沙门氏菌感染病例增加了六倍多。1985年1月至1987年5月，东北部报告了65起食源性肠炎沙门氏菌疫情，涉及2119例病例和11例死亡。在35起已确定食物载体的疫情中，有27起（77%）是由A级带壳鸡蛋或含有此类鸡蛋的食品引起的。1973年至1984年的全国数据显示，肠炎沙门氏菌疫情（44%）比其他沙门氏菌血清型疫情（15%）更常与含蛋食品有关。反映人类疾病的地理分布情况，东北部巴氏杀菌厂的散装生鸡蛋样本中分离出肠炎沙门氏菌的频率（10%）高于美国其他地区的鸡蛋（0%）。A级带壳鸡蛋导致的肠炎沙门氏菌感染疫情增加，这与过去由破裂或脏污鸡蛋引起的沙门氏菌病问题不同，这增加了肠炎沙门氏菌经卵巢污染鸡蛋的可能性。因此，可能需要新技术来控制美国再度出现的与鸡蛋相关的沙门氏菌病。
