College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2020 Nov 15;694:108543. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108543. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
Genomic selection has an essential role in the livestock economy by increasing selection productivity. Genomics provides a mechanism to increase the rate of genetic gain using marker-assisted selection. Various quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with body, carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle have been found. It is widely accepted that QTL traits in livestock species are regulated by several genes and factors from the environment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful approach in identifying QTL and to establish genomic regions harboring the genes and polymorphisms associated with specific characteristics in beef cattle. Due to their impact on economic returns, growth, carcass and meat quality traits of cattle are frequently used as essential criteria in selection in breeding programs., GWAS has been used in beef cattle breeding and genetic program and some progress has been made. Furthermore, numerous genes and markers related to productivity traits in beef cattle have been found. This review summarizes the advances in the use of GWAS in beef cattle production and outlines the associations with growth, carcass, and meat quality.
基因组选择通过提高选择效率在畜牧业中起着重要作用。基因组学提供了一种利用标记辅助选择提高遗传增益的机制。已经发现了与肉牛体躯、胴体和肉质性状相关的各种数量性状位点（QTL）。人们普遍认为，家畜物种中的 QTL 性状受几个基因和环境因素的调节。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）是一种识别 QTL 并确定与肉牛特定特征相关的基因和多态性的基因组区域的强大方法。由于它们对经济回报的影响，牛的生长、胴体和肉质性状经常被用作选择在育种计划中的重要标准。GWAS 已用于肉牛的育种和遗传计划，并取得了一些进展。此外，还发现了许多与肉牛生产性能相关的基因和标记。本综述总结了 GWAS 在肉牛生产中的应用进展，并概述了与生长、胴体和肉质的关联。
