Turkkan J S, Stitzer M L, McCaul M E
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1988 Feb;12(1):30-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1988.tb00129.x.
The acute and extended effects of ethanol ingestion were examined in five alcoholic subjects, and five "social" drinkers. Six physiological and four subjective report measures were taken before, during and up to 90 min after the ingestion of ethanol in three doses and placebo. Findings showed that alcohol exerted significant dose-related physiological effects in the initial minutes of ingestion, and in extended analyses of physiological and subjective measures in both groups of drinkers. Alcoholics and social drinkers generally did not differ in their physiological responses to alcohol doses and placebo, while some evidence for tolerance to reported euphoric effects of alcohol in the alcoholic subjects was found. The possibility is raised that early physiological responses observed during ethanol ingestion may arise not only from pharmacological effects of the drink, but may also be evidence for conditional predrink responses.
研究人员对五名酗酒者和五名“社交型”饮酒者进行了乙醇摄入的急性和长期影响的研究。在摄入三种剂量的乙醇和安慰剂之前、期间以及之后长达90分钟的时间里，测量了六项生理指标和四项主观报告指标。研究结果表明，在摄入乙醇的最初几分钟内，酒精会产生显著的剂量相关生理效应，并且在对两组饮酒者的生理和主观指标进行的长期分析中也是如此。酗酒者和社交型饮酒者对酒精剂量和安慰剂的生理反应通常没有差异，不过在酗酒者中发现了一些对所报告的酒精欣快效应产生耐受性的证据。这就提出了一种可能性，即在乙醇摄入期间观察到的早期生理反应可能不仅源于饮品的药理作用，还可能是条件性饮酒前反应的证据。
