Alenko Arefayne, Dejene Sisay, Girma Shimelis
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Service Management, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Int J Womens Health. 2020 Jul 27;12:557-565. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S252385. eCollection 2020.
Worldwide, 10-20% of women experience depression during pregnancy. In sub-Saharan countries, depression during pregnancy is estimated to be 15-57%. Even though there is a high burden of depression during pregnancy, little attention has been given to identify sociodemographic and obstetric determinants in diverse populations like Ethiopia.
To identify sociodemographic and obstetric determinants of antenatal depression among women attending an antenatal clinic at Jimma Medical Center, southwest Ethiopia.
A case-control study was conducted among 246 pregnant mothers (82 cases and 164 controls) attending an antenatal clinic in Jimma Medical Center from June 1 to August 30, 2019. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Epidata 3.1 and SPSS v24 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95%CIs were estimated using logistic regression models. Statistical significance was set at <0.05.
Married mothers were 67% (AOR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.15-0.75), housewives were 97% (AOR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.01-0.14), private workers were 87% (AOR=0.13, 95%CI: 0.04-0.44), and government employees were 84% (AOR=0.16, 95%CI: 0.05-0.46), less likely to develop antenatal depression. Multigravida were 88% (AOR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.04-0.37) less likely to develop antenatal depression. Third trimester pregnancy was four times (AOR=4.04, 95%CI: 1.51-10.81) more likely to have depression. Mothers who having wanted pregnancy were 83% (AOR=0.17, 95%CI: 0.04-0.81) less likely to develop antenatal depression compared with mothers having unwanted pregnancy.
Being married, multigravida, having wanted pregnancy and occupation status (housewives, private workers and government employees) can protect mothers from developing antenatal depression. Mothers with third trimester pregnancy were four times more likely to have depression. Designing a screening and intervention strategy for antenatal depression must consider the aforementioned protective and risk factors.
在全球范围内，10%-20%的女性在孕期会经历抑郁。在撒哈拉以南国家，孕期抑郁估计为15%-57%。尽管孕期抑郁负担沉重，但在埃塞俄比亚等不同人群中，很少有人关注确定社会人口统计学和产科决定因素。
确定埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马医疗中心产前诊所就诊女性产前抑郁的社会人口统计学和产科决定因素。
2019年6月1日至8月30日，在吉马医疗中心产前诊所就诊的246名孕妇（82例病例和164例对照）中进行了一项病例对照研究。使用贝克抑郁量表-II评估产前抑郁。分别使用Epidata 3.1和SPSS v24进行数据录入和分析。使用逻辑回归模型估计调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间。统计学显著性设定为<0.05。
已婚母亲患产前抑郁的可能性降低67%（AOR=0.33，95%CI：0.15-0.75），家庭主妇降低97%（AOR=0.03，95%CI：0.01-0.14），私人雇员降低87%（AOR=0.13，95%CI：0.04-0.44），政府雇员降低84%（AOR=0.16，95%CI：0.05-0.46）。经产妇患产前抑郁的可能性降低88%（AOR=0.12，95%CI：0.04-0.37）。孕晚期患抑郁的可能性是孕早期的四倍（AOR=4.04，95%CI：1.51-10.81）。与意外怀孕的母亲相比，有意愿怀孕的母亲患产前抑郁的可能性降低83%（AOR=0.17，95%CI：0.04-0.81）。
已婚、经产妇、有意愿怀孕以及职业状况（家庭主妇、私人雇员和政府雇员）可使母亲免于患产前抑郁。孕晚期母亲患抑郁的可能性高四倍。设计产前抑郁筛查和干预策略时必须考虑上述保护因素和风险因素。
