Hou Xueqin, Rong Cuiping, Wang Fugang, Liu Xiaoqian, Sun Yi, Zhang Han-Ting
Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China.
The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
Neural Plast. 2020 Aug 1;2020:8858415. doi: 10.1155/2020/8858415. eCollection 2020.
Stress can cause a variety of central nervous system disorders, which are critically mediated by the -aminobutyric acid (GABA) system in various brain structures. GABAergic neurons have different subsets, some of which coexpress certain neuropeptides that can be found in the digestive system. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the gut-brain axis, which is primarily regulated by the vagus nerve, is involved in stress, suggesting a communication between the "gut-vagus-brain" pathway and the GABAergic neuronal system. Here, we first summarize the evidence that the GABAergic system plays an essential role in stress responses. In addition, we review the effects of stress on different brain regions and GABAergic neuron subpopulations, including somatostatin, parvalbumin, ionotropic serotonin receptor 5-HT3a, cholecystokinin, neuropeptide Y, and vasoactive intestinal peptide, with regard to signaling events, behavioral changes, and pathobiology of neuropsychiatric diseases. Finally, we discuss the gut-brain bidirectional communications and the connection of the GABAergic system and the gut-vagus-brain pathway.
压力可导致多种中枢神经系统疾病，这些疾病在各种脑结构中主要由γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）系统介导。GABA能神经元有不同的亚群，其中一些共同表达某些可在消化系统中发现的神经肽。越来越多的证据表明，主要由迷走神经调节的肠-脑轴参与了压力反应，这表明“肠-迷走神经-脑”通路与GABA能神经元系统之间存在联系。在此，我们首先总结GABA能系统在应激反应中起重要作用的证据。此外，我们回顾了压力对不同脑区和GABA能神经元亚群的影响，包括生长抑素、小白蛋白、离子型5-羟色胺受体5-HT3a、胆囊收缩素、神经肽Y和血管活性肠肽，涉及信号转导事件、行为变化以及神经精神疾病的病理生物学。最后，我们讨论肠-脑双向通信以及GABA能系统与肠-迷走神经-脑通路的联系。
