Shee Fiona, Pralhad Swati, Natarajan Srikant, Manaktala Nidhi, Arun S, Marathe Aradhana
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2020 May 7;10(3):341-349. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_42_20. eCollection 2020 May-Jun.
The aim of this study was to study the effects of periodontitis, diabetes mellitus (DM), and tobacco smoking and chewing habits (TBSCH) on the oxidative stress biomarker levels, namely malondialdehyde (MDA), and the mucosal genotoxic nuclear damage in the marginal gingival cells of subjects. Furthermore, the correlation of the biomarkers, MDA, and nuclear changes in the form of micronucleation (Mn) and binucleation (Bn) was investigated.
Forty study participants were divided into five subject categories, which were established based on the presence of periodontitis, DM, and TBSCH. Whole saliva and marginal gingival smears collected from subjects were used to determine MDA levels and nuclear changes, respectively. A full-mouth assessment of periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing was performed for each subject to determine periodontal status.
MDA and Mn levels between control group and subjects with only periodontitis (MDA: < 0.9990; Mn: < 0.8200) showed no significant difference, whereas levels among subjects with DM, TBSCH, and periodontitis, and all other categories were statistically significant (MDA: < 0.001). DM and/or TBSCH superimposed on periodontitis cause an exponential increase in biomarker levels. Furthermore, MDA and Mn showed poor correlation ( = 0.162; = 0.318). Periodontitis alone did not significantly increase oxidative stress levels compared to healthy controls, whereas DM and TBSCH resulted in augmented oxidative stress levels, implying that increased stress produced by DM and TBSCH aggravates or exaggerates periodontal inflammation.
Poor correlation between MDA and Mn indicated that the mechanisms involved in their production are independent of each other.
本研究旨在探讨牙周炎、糖尿病（DM）以及吸烟和咀嚼习惯（TBSCH）对受试者边缘龈细胞中氧化应激生物标志物水平（即丙二醛，MDA）和黏膜遗传毒性核损伤的影响。此外，还研究了生物标志物MDA与微核形成（Mn）和双核形成（Bn）形式的核变化之间的相关性。
40名研究参与者被分为五个受试者类别，这些类别是根据牙周炎、DM和TBSCH的存在情况确定的。从受试者收集的全唾液和边缘龈涂片分别用于测定MDA水平和核变化。对每个受试者进行全口牙周袋深度、临床附着丧失和探诊出血评估，以确定牙周状况。
对照组与仅患有牙周炎的受试者之间的MDA和Mn水平（MDA：<0.9990；Mn：<0.8200）无显著差异，而患有DM、TBSCH和牙周炎的受试者以及所有其他类别的水平具有统计学意义（MDA：<0.001）。叠加在牙周炎上的DM和/或TBSCH会导致生物标志物水平呈指数级增加。此外，MDA和Mn的相关性较差（r = 0.162；p = 0.318）。与健康对照组相比，单独的牙周炎并未显著增加氧化应激水平，而DM和TBSCH则导致氧化应激水平升高，这意味着DM和TBSCH产生的应激增加会加重或加剧牙周炎症。
MDA和Mn之间的相关性较差表明它们产生的机制相互独立。
