College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Burns Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Wounds. 2020 May;32(5):123-133.
Heating devices can provide relief from muscular pain and the cold, however they may result in burn injuries when used inappropriately.
This review article synthesizes the incidence, risk factors, outcomes, treatment, and prevention of burns sustained from body heating devices in order to better understand how these burns are sustained.
PubMed, CINHAL, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were systematically searched from inception up until January 13, 2020, for studies/case reports on burns sustained from body heating devices that were published in the English language.
Medical records from 10 retrospective studies yielded 1343 patients with burns, of whom the majority were women (63.4%) with a mean age of 27.7 years (range, 0-92 years). Devices included hot water bottles, hot wheat bags, and heating pads. Sites of injury were predominantly in the lower limbs and feet, with other sites reported (ie, abdomen, pelvis, buttocks, perineum, and upper limbs). Burns sustained typically had low total burn surface area (TBSA) but often involved partial-thickness to full-thickness burn injury. The proportion of patients requiring surgery ranged from 15% to 87.4% for hot water bottle injuries and 91% for wheat bag injuries. Women were predominately represented in the case series/reports. Burns had low TBSA with hot water bottles, and heating pads were the most common mechanism of injury, predominately women following breast reconstructive surgeries.
Burns from body heating devices are often preventable. Community education and improved manufacture labelling on the appropriate use and potential risks should be required. The patient's cognitive ability and physiology must be considered to minimize incidence and severity of injury.
加热设备可以缓解肌肉疼痛和寒冷，但如果使用不当，可能会导致烧伤。
本综述文章综合了因使用身体加热设备而导致的烧伤的发生率、危险因素、结局、治疗和预防，以便更好地了解这些烧伤是如何发生的。
系统检索了 PubMed、CINHAL、EMBASE 和 Scopus 数据库，检索时间从建库至 2020 年 1 月 13 日，以获取关于因使用身体加热设备而导致的烧伤的研究/病例报告，这些报告均为英文发表。
10 项回顾性研究的病历共纳入 1343 例烧伤患者，其中大多数为女性（63.4%），平均年龄为 27.7 岁（0-92 岁）。所使用的设备包括热水瓶、热麦麸袋和加热垫。损伤部位主要在下肢和足部，也有报道称其他部位（如腹部、骨盆、臀部、会阴和上肢）受伤。烧伤通常总体表烧伤面积（TBSA）较小，但常伴有部分至全层烧伤损伤。接受手术治疗的患者比例范围为热水瓶所致烧伤的 15%至 87.4%和麦麸袋所致烧伤的 91%。病例系列/报告中主要为女性。热水瓶所致烧伤的 TBSA 较小，加热垫是最常见的损伤机制，主要发生在接受乳房重建手术后的女性中。
身体加热设备所致烧伤通常是可以预防的。应要求对社区进行教育，并改进关于正确使用和潜在风险的制造标签。必须考虑患者的认知能力和生理状况，以尽量减少损伤的发生率和严重程度。
