Brain functional network alterations caused by a strong desire to void in healthy adults: a graph theory analysis study.

PURPOSE

This resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study determined the functional connectivity (FC) changes and topologic property alterations of the brain functional network provoked by a strong desire to void in healthy adults using a graph theory analysis (GTA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Thirty-four healthy, right-handed subjects filled their bladders by drinking water. The subjects were scanned under an empty bladder and a strong desire to void states. The Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated among 90 brain regions in the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas to construct the brain functional network. A paired t test (P < .05, after false discovery rate [FDR] correction) was used to detect significant differences in the FC, topologic properties (small-world parameters [gamma, sigma], C, L, E, E, and E) between the two states in all subjects.

RESULTS

Both the two states showed small-world network properties. The clustering coefficient (C) and local efficiency (E) in the whole brain network decreased, while the FC within the default mode network (DMN) increased during the strong desire to void compared with the empty bladder state. Moreover, an increased nodal efficiency (E) was detected in the basal ganglia (BG), DMN, sensorimotor-related network (SMN), and visual network (VN).

CONCLUSION

We detected FC changes and topologic property alterations in brain functional networks caused by a strong desire to void in healthy and suggest that the micturition control may be a process dominated by DMN and coordinated by multiple sub-networks (such as, BG, SMN, and VN), which could serve as a baseline for understanding the pathologic process underlying bladder dysfunction and be useful to improve targeted therapy in the future.