School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Global Health. 2020 Aug 17;16(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12992-020-00607-x.
Different terms are described in the literature that refer to commercial determinants as drivers of ill-health. The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of the commercial determinants of health, through a review of the literature on this subject. The review was conducted in December 2019 and updated in February 2020. Searches were conducted from peer-reviewed scientific articles, commentaries, books, and books chapters, with no restriction in their publication dates and languages.
The commercial determinants of health cover three areas. First, they relate to unhealthy commodities that are contributing to ill-health. Secondly, they include business, market and political practices that are harmful to health and used to sell these commodities and secure a favourable policy environment. Finally, they include the global drivers of ill-health, such as market-driven economies and globalisation, that have facilitated the use of such harmful practices.
The discussion on the commercial determinants of health offers a unique opportunity to shift the dominant paradigm in public health, where individual behaviours are considered to be driven by inadequate environments. Ill-health, damages to the environment, and health and social inequalities, might be better understood through a commercial determinant lens.
文献中描述了不同的术语，这些术语将商业决定因素描述为导致健康不良的因素。本综述的目的是通过对这一主题的文献综述，概述健康的商业决定因素。该综述于 2019 年 12 月进行，并于 2020 年 2 月更新。检索来自同行评议的科学文章、评论、书籍和书籍章节，对其出版日期和语言没有限制。
健康的商业决定因素涵盖三个方面。首先，它们与导致健康不良的不健康商品有关。其次，它们包括对健康有害的商业、市场和政治惯例，这些惯例被用来销售这些商品并确保有利的政策环境。最后，它们包括导致健康不良的全球驱动因素，如以市场为导向的经济和全球化，这些因素促进了此类有害做法的使用。
关于健康的商业决定因素的讨论提供了一个独特的机会，可以改变公共卫生的主导范式，在这种范式中，个人行为被认为是由不充分的环境驱动的。通过商业决定因素的视角，可能会更好地理解健康不良、环境破坏以及健康和社会不平等问题。
