Department of Paediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology, Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, 26, avenue du Dr-Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 21, rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
Department of Paediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology, Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, 26, avenue du Dr-Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2020 Oct;27(7):368-371. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.07.005. Epub 2020 Aug 15.
Allergic reactions to food additives are often suspected by families. The aim of this study was to describe oral food challenge (OFC) outcomes in a pediatric cohort with a suspected diagnosis of allergy to food additives (food dyes or sodium benzoate).
All patients who underwent an open OFC to carmine red, cochineal red, erythrosine, patent blue V, tartrazine, yellow sunset S, and/or sodium benzoate were included. A survey was sent to families after testing to evaluate whether the OFC results had altered feeding behaviors with food additives.
Twenty-three patients were included. The main suspected food was candy (n=11/23; 48%). Only one OFC out of 45 was formally positive for the carmine and cochineal red. Subsequently, most OFCs were negative (44/45; 97.8%). Despite the negativity of the challenge, four families out of 14 reported occurrences of supposed allergic reactions to food additives and six out of 15 continued to completely avoid the additive of concern in their children's diet.
Allergies to food additives remain rare. Even if an IgE-mediated allergy was excluded with a negative OFC, families remained suspicious about ready-made products. Health professionals and parents should be reassured about the low risk of food dye intolerance or allergies.
食物添加剂过敏常被家庭怀疑。本研究旨在描述疑似食物添加剂过敏（食用色素或苯甲酸钠）的儿科患者口服食物挑战（OFC）的结果。
所有接受胭脂红、胭脂红、赤藓红、专利蓝 V、酒石黄、日落黄 S 和/或苯甲酸钠开放 OFC 的患者均被纳入。检测后向患者家属发送了一份调查问卷，以评估 OFC 结果是否改变了他们对含食物添加剂的食物的喂养行为。
共纳入 23 例患者。主要怀疑食物为糖果（n=11/23；48%）。胭脂红和胭脂红共有 1 次 OFC 呈阳性。随后，45 次 OFC 中大部分为阴性（44/45；97.8%）。尽管挑战呈阴性，但仍有 4 个家庭（14 个家庭中的 4 个）报告疑似对食物添加剂过敏，15 个家庭中的 6 个仍完全避免在孩子的饮食中添加受关注的添加剂。
食物添加剂过敏仍较为罕见。即使阴性 OFC 排除了 IgE 介导的过敏反应，家庭仍对预包装产品持怀疑态度。专业医疗人员和家长应放心，食用色素不耐受或过敏的风险较低。
