J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020 Nov;120(11):1821-1833. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.016. Epub 2020 Aug 15.
Polyphenols are a class of phytochemicals that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral properties. Previous research suggests that dietary polyphenol intake is protective against major chronic diseases. To our knowledge, no data on polyphenol intake for the US adult population are available.
This study explored usual dietary polyphenol intake among US adults in 2013-2016 and examined trends in intake during 2007-2016 by demographic characteristics, and identified major dietary sources of polyphenols.
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a series of cross-sectional surveys representative of the civilian noninstitutionalized US population.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: This study included 9,773 adults aged 20 years and older.
Dietary and supplement data were obtained from two 24-hour dietary recalls. Polyphenol intake was estimated using the Phenol Explorer Database and adjusted for total energy intake.
Usual intake was estimated both overall and by demographic characteristics using the National Cancer Institute method. Trends in intake on a given day over 10 years were evaluated using regression analysis. The complex survey design was incorporated in all analyses.
In 2013-2016, the usual intake of dietary polyphenols was a mean (standard error) of 884.1 (20.4) mg per 1,000 kcal/d. Polyphenol intake was higher in adults 40 years and older, women, non-Hispanic White adults, and college graduates. During 2007-2016, the mean daily polyphenol intake did not change significantly over time for overall and demographic groups. Main polyphenol classes consumed were phenolic acids (mean [standard error] of 1,005.6 [34.3] mg/d) and flavonoids (mean [standard error] of 379.1 [10.7] mg/d). Foods and beverages contributed 99.8% of polyphenol intake, with coffee (39.6%), beans (9.8%), and tea (7.6%) as major dietary contributors.
Findings from this study suggest that polyphenol intake is consistent with the low intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in the US population, and provide more evidence of the need for increased consumption of these food groups.
多酚是一类具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌和抗病毒特性的植物化学物质。先前的研究表明，饮食中多酚的摄入对预防主要慢性疾病有保护作用。据我们所知，目前还没有关于美国成年人多酚摄入量的数据。
本研究旨在探讨 2013-2016 年美国成年人的日常饮食多酚摄入量，并按人口统计学特征研究 2007-2016 年期间摄入量的变化趋势，同时确定多酚的主要膳食来源。
国家健康和营养调查是一系列具有代表性的美国非机构化平民人口的横断面调查。
参与者/设置：本研究纳入了 9773 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的成年人。
饮食和补充剂数据来自两次 24 小时饮食回忆。多酚摄入量使用 Phenol Explorer 数据库进行估计，并根据总能量摄入进行调整。
使用国家癌症研究所的方法，总体和按人口统计学特征分别估计日常摄入量。使用回归分析评估 10 年内某一天的摄入量变化趋势。所有分析均纳入了复杂的调查设计。
2013-2016 年，每日饮食多酚的平均（标准误差）摄入量为每 1000 千卡 884.1（20.4）毫克。40 岁及以上、女性、非西班牙裔白人和大学毕业的成年人多酚摄入量较高。2007-2016 年，总体和各人口统计学组的每日多酚摄入量随时间变化无显著变化。主要消耗的多酚类别为酚酸（平均[标准误差]为 1005.6[34.3]毫克/天）和类黄酮（平均[标准误差]为 379.1[10.7]毫克/天）。食物和饮料贡献了 99.8%的多酚摄入量，咖啡（39.6%）、豆类（9.8%）和茶（7.6%）是主要的饮食来源。
本研究结果表明，美国人群的多酚摄入量与水果、蔬菜和全谷物的低摄入量一致，并提供了更多证据表明需要增加这些食物组的消费。
